
PROVIDENCE 

^ifeMETRDPOnS OF 
OTTHEKN^ e^NEW 
'^:^. "GLAND ^ ^ PB0VD 
Of its HONOBABLE^ 
HLSTOIOr-- HAPPY in 
i^ PRESENT PROSPE- 
RITY^ CONFTOENTg^ 
itsY V T V B^E-« 



WHAT TO SEE OJ® 
WHAT TO DO 





Class. 
Book. 



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Copyright N°. 



COPYRIGHT DEPOSrr 



A Little Guide 

to 

Providence 




HIS little souvenir of Providence 
makes no pretentions of being a 
complete guide book, nor does it 
seek to take the place of the 
railroad and street car folders. 



The material has been gathered from many 
sources. Taking for granted that the remark- 
able commercial and industrial prosperity of 
our city has been more fully realized than its 
w^ealth of galleries, museums and public institu- 
tions, this book aims to call especial attention 
to aesthetic, historic and philanthropic Provi- 
dence. 



Written and Compiled by 

JESSIE BARKER GARDNER 

HENRY AMES BARKER 

Publishied by the 

PUBLICITY DEPARTMENT OF CITIZENS 

RECEPTION COMMITTEE 

Providence, 1907 



Cop'TRiaHTEZ) 1007, Jessib Bakkkr Oarditek 



L16RAR.Y..o( GONSKESS 
Two Copies Receivet! 

NOV 21 190? 

Copyrielit Entry 
OUSS/I XXc, No, 







TO HOLD FORTHaLIVEiy 
EXPERIMENT THAT^MOST 
FLOVRISHING CML SX4TE 
MAY ST^^ND && BEST BE 
MAINTAINED WITH EVLL 
LIBERTY IN RELIGIOVS^ 
CONCERNMENTS^ ^ ^ 





Introduction to Providence 

HOTELS. 

The I'dlcs giren are for ,'<ingle room per day. 

ALLEN, American $L50-$8 a week, 11 Givene Street. 

CR()\\ N, European, $1 ..W, corner Weyboj^set and 
Garnet Streets. 

DORRAXCE, European, $1 up to $2, corner West- 
nun.ster and Dorrance. 

FliAXKLIN, American, $2 up, 5 Franklin Street. 

XXKUAGAXSETT, American, S3 up; European $1.50 
up; Dorrance, Weybosset aiid Eddy Streets. 

XE\\ INIAX, European, $1 up to $3, 28 Aborn Street. 
1T)UXG WOMAX'S CHRISTIAN ASSOCIATION, 50 
cents a night, $5 a week, 254 Washington Street. 

RESTAURANTS. 

There are se\'eral hundr(>d in I.'rovidence, including: 

FREEMAN'S, 39 Weybosset Street. Open till 8. 

GAMMONS, 85 Westminster Street. Open till 8. 

HOF BRATJ, 14-22 Garnet Street. Open till mid- 
night. Well spoken of. Quaint German architecture. 

MA CREATE 'S, 30 Middle Street. Open till midnight. 

MX'MFORD'S, 110 Westminster Street. Open till 8 
o'clock. 

RE^'ERF., ll(i Dorrance Street. (Gentlemen only). 

RUSTIC IXX, Hotel Xewman, 28 Aborn Street. Open 
till midnight. 

TILLIXGHAST'S, 37-39 Westminster Street. 

There are numerous restaurants, typical of A'arious 
nationalities, especially German, I'rench, Italian and 
Chinese. Dairy Lunches are also numerous and most of 
them "Always Open." 

CARRIAGES. 

Can be secured at the Hack Office window in the station. 
Rates of F.are. 

Hackney Carriage: For each passenger from one place 
to another within the City not exceeding one mile, 50 cents. 
For ea(4i additional mile or fraction of a mile, 25 cents. 
By the hour — For the first hour, $2.00, each subsequent 
hour, $1.50. 

All distances shall bo computed liy straight lines on the 
map of the City. 

One trunk and one valise, Saddlebag, Portmanteau, 
bundle or other articles used in traveling, free. Every 
additional trunk or other article above named 10 cents. 

HOPKIXS TRAXSFER CO. is the authorized baggage 
express at the station. Offices in general waiting room 
and baggage room. Rate to any part of the city, 25 
cents. 

G.\RAGES. Automobiles may be hired, from Davis 
Automobile Co., 7 Dorrance Street; R. I. Motor Car Co., 

3 



69 Broad Street; White Automobile Co., 179 Aborn Street; 
Kast Side Auto Station, 200 Meeting Street; Crown 
Garage, 127 Pine Street, and many otliers. 

LIVERY STABLES in Central District: Billings, 60 
Union Street; What C'heer, 224 Benefit; Copeland, 170 
Benefit Street; Trinity Square Stable, Trinity Square. 

BOATING. (Ste Canoe and Yacht Clubs') 

EXCURSIONS AND SHORT TRIPS. 

(30 minutes to one half day) 

INTERESTING WALKS SUGGESTED. 1 . Via Market 
Square past old Market House (Board of Trade Building), 
up College Street, by the ('ourt House to Puown rni\'ersity, 
visit Historical Society and (.'oUege buildings, then 
up Brown Street to Hope reservoir, notice east of 
Reservoir the Hope Stieet High School, the Brown 
School and Dexter Asylum (for the poor). Then turn 
west through soine cross street to Prospect, south to 
Bowen and west to Congdon and Prospect Terrace. 
Down Congdon to Angeli and BeJiefit, past First Baptist 
Church, University Club, School of Design, IVndleton 
Museum, Supreme Court Building, Providence Art Clul>, 
Tunnel entrance, of Consolidated R. R.; Arsenal (corner 
Meeting and Binefit) on to old State House and down 
through groiuids to North Main Street. Total about 3 
miles, or to Brown University, to Prospect Terrace and 
back via Baptist Church and old State House, UJ miles. 

2. — From Exchange Place under Uidon Station via 
Francis Street to State House, thence to Noimal School 
and returr. 1 mile. 

3. — HistoricMl Tour. (See Historical Places and Colonial 
Architecture). This walk can easily be divided into two 
walks, each 1 mile in length, the first ending, and the second 
beginning at College Street. Starting from Arcarle (1828) 
on Westminister Street, proceed via Old Market House 
(1773) now occupied by Board of Trade. Note T.nblet. 
Roger Williams Bank Building, Franklin House and others 
on Market Sc^uare are picturesque old commercial buildings 
of early 19th century. Proceed via North Main Street 
(ancient Cheapside and Towne Street) past First Baptist 
Church and Clarendon Hotel (old school house 1768 and 
Friends Meeting house a few steps to the right on Meeting 
Street) past old State House. Site of Roger Williams 
original residence at present corner of Ho^sland Street. 
Rogers Williams Spring still flows in cellar of brick house, 
No. 244. St. John's church on the right. Climb hill to 
Benefit Street and walk South past Gov. Dorr House, 
108 Benefit (Roger Willian.s' grave was in yard back of 
house); Whitnuui House; Old State House on the right 
and Mansion House, ("Golden Ball Imi") on the left; 
old arsenal on right, corner Meeting Street. Continue 
past Tunnel entrance. (Providence Art Club, 11 Thomas 
Street, just to the right); rear of First Baptist Meeting 
House; Supi'eme Court Building, on the left; School of 
Design buildings; Univi^rsity Club; Pendleton House, 
Memorial Hall; Beckwith House, (Handicraft Club); 
Athenaeuiri and Providence County Court House corner 
of College St; First Congregational Church, corner Benevo- 
lent Street (CraAvford Allen House, 10 Benevolent); 
(Hope Club next below). John Brown House, 52 Power 
(corner of Benefit) ; John Carter Brown House, 357 Benefit 
Street. Turn East on Williams Street, past Carrington 
House, number 66, and tiu-n north through Carrington Lane 
to Power Street, then through Brown Street (T. P. Ives 
House on northeast corner), passing Annmary Brown 
Memorial on right to Brown University Middle Campus. 
Return \'ia Front Canq^us and ^^an Wickle Gate? down 
College Street, to South Main Street. Turn to left on 



South Main Street. Gen. Barton House , number 38. 
Stephen Hopkins Hou.be, 9 Hopkins Street; Providt-nce 
Bank Buildinc;, number 78, built 1774 by Joseph Brown. 
(Bank estahhshed 1791,) and fine modern buildinp; of 
Providence Institution for Savings. Via Crawford Street 
to Market Sciuare. (About 2 miles.) 

COMBINATION W^ALK AND TROLLEY 
RIDES. 

1. — Plainfield Street car via Westminster Street and 
Olneyville Square to Neutaconkanut Hill, 3h miles fSee 
Parks) Climb the hill and walk south to Great Boulder. 
^^iew of city and surrounding districts, Xarragansett Bay, 
Fall River, etc., and over the Poca.sset ^^al]ey to south. 
Decend to Plainfield Street and return by car (about 2 
hours) or walk east 5 minutes to Pocas.set Avenue, visit 
Dyers Nursery across little bridge and return by Dyer 
Avenue car. 2^ hours. 

2.— Broad Street car to Poger Williams Vark. Walk 
through (1 mile) Return by Klmwood avenue car. 
2 hours. 

3. — Red Bridge car via Waterman Street, to Blackstone 
Park and Narragansett Boat Club on the Seekonk. Walk 
along the river road, noith, or A'ia Blackstone Boulevard 
to Butler Hospital and Swan Point Grounds, (H nules) 
returning \'m Dyer A\emie car. 2 to 3 hours. 

SHORT TROLLEY RIDES. 

(Time given one way) 

1. — Centredale via Snnth Street passing over Fruit Hill. 
(5 miles, 30 miiuites). 

2. — Roger Williams Park via Ehviwood Avenue (4 
miles, 25 minutes). 

3. — Pawtuxet Bridge via Broad Stieet (5 miles, 3o 
mimites) v.alk down Ocean Street to Yacht Club and 
Sh.eldon Street past the cove. 

4. — State Institutions and City Water \\'orks, (7^ miles, 
1 hour) via Roger Williams Park. 

5. — Meshanticut Park (6^ miles, 45 minutes). 

6. — Blackstone Boulevard (S^van Point car) passing 
Blackstone Park, Butler Hospital and Swan Point 
Cemetery (30 minutes). 

7. — Crescent Park (7h miles, 40 minutes), passing 
Boyden Heights, Silver Spring, Vanity Fair, Riverside. 

8. — Red Bridge via Waterman Street (15 nurmtes). 
Return via Angell Street. 

9.— Hunt.s Mills (5 miles) via Agawam Hunt Club (3 
miles), Wannamoisttt Club (31 miles, 30 minutes). 

BY AUTOMOBILE OR CARRIAGE. 

1. — To Pawtuxet Neck and Cove (5 miles via Fort 
Independence, Fields Point, Narragansett Boulevard and 
R. I. Yacht Club. Return via Roger ^^ illiams Park and 
Flmwood Avenue. 

2.-- To Fruit Hill reservoir (5 miles, beautiful view of 
tlie city) and Fyman Memorial, Fruit Hill A^■enue. 
Return pa.st State Home and School, Pleasant Valley 
Parkway and Da^•is Park. 

3.— To Meshanticut Park and State Institutions (8 
n liles) . 

Fine roads for long automobile rides (1 to 2 hours one 
way) Warwick Neck, East Greenwich, Narragansett Pier, 
Bristol, Barrington. 

5 



STEAMERS. 

For XaiTauansc'tt Hav n-sorts, iiuludinsj; Field's Point, 
Silver Sprinsi, Boyden Hrishtrf, I?iverside, \'anity Fair, 
Crescent Park, Kneky Point, Newport, Block Island, 
Bristol, Fall River and Seaconnet, leave from head of 
navigation near Crawford Street bridge at frequent 
inter\als in sunnner (3 niinutes \\aik from Exchange 
Place. ^ 

For New York, 2 lines leave Fox Point, loot ol J-outh 
Main Street, daily. For Norfolk and Baltimore 3 times a 
week from India" Street whai-f. Buzzards Bay, Martha's 
Vineyard and Nantucket reached Aia New Bedford. 

(Long Island, Shelter Island, Fisher's Island, etc., 
via New London.) 




HE.\D OK NAMCA rlOX, PKOVIDKNCE KIVKU 

STEAM TRAINS. 

About 150 trains per day arrixe at, and as many depart 
from the Union Passenger Station on Exchange Place. 
These include 24 to Boston, 13 to New York, 9 to 
Worcester, 4 to Hartford, 9 to New Bedford, and 
numerous suburbans. They are all operated by the 
N. Y., N. H. & H. II. R. (See their "Eastern Division" 
folder and also the Providence Weekly Guide.) 

ELECTRIC TRAINS. 

From Fox Point Station (India Street, 20 minutes 
walk, or transfer cars from Market Square and Ex- 
change Place marked "Depots.") Trains for Warren 
and East Shore way .stations. Riverside, Barrington, etc., 
about every 15 minutes; Bristol and Fall River trains 
every 30 minutes; Newport via Fall River, 8 trains a 
day. Newport via Bristol and Bristol Ferry, frequent 
connections. (See N. Y., N. H. c'(: II R. R., "Ea.stern 
Division" folder.) 

TROLLEY CARS. 

Providence is the center of a good district of trolley lines 
extending .all over Rhode Island, Southeastern and Central 
Massachusetts and Eastern Connecticut. Cars for all parts 
of the city and suburbs from Market Square, Exchange 
Place and vicinity. Also longer lines direct to \\'oon- 
sockot, Attleboro." North Attleboro, Taunton and Brock- 
ton, Fall River and New Bedford, Newport (via Fall 
River or Bristol Ferry) Narragansett Pier aiid Point 
Judith, Danielson, Ct.^ Buttonwoods, River Point, etc., 
(about 60 lines.) See Providence Weekly Guide, Red 
Guide, Rental Guide, etc. Some pleasant trolley rides 
described under head of "Excursions." 



ART IN PROVIDENCE. 

With the Rhode Ishind Sfliool of Design, the Handieraft 
Ckih over the way, the Art Chib, Fleiir-de-lys and Athen- 
aeum close by, the Annmary Brown Memorial and Brown 
University with its fine collections of jjaintings and 
famous libraries, just up the hill, Pro\idence has an art 
and education centre unsurpassed in this country. 

AXXMARY BROWX MEMORIAL, Brown Street, 
near Bene\olent. Ancient and modern masters; early 
printing and illuminated numuscripts. Open 10 a. m. to 
4 p. m. Tuesday, Wednesday and Thursday. Free. 

ATHENAEUM, corner Benefit and College Streets. 
Library; paintings in gallery cHrectly above vestibule. 
Copy of (iilbert Stuart's ^^ ashington (the Lansdowne 
portj-ait) in reading room. Hours 9 a. m. to 6.30 p. m. in 
summer; 9 a. m. to 10 p. m. in Avinter. 

CITY HALI;. Portraits. Open to pultlic. Guide 
furnished. 

HANDICRAFl CLUB, corner College and Benefit 
Streets. Progressive club of arts and crafts. Exhibitions. 
Admission charged. 

MANNING HALL, Brown University. Reproductions 
of statuary, and paintings of the Acropolis by Walter 
Brown. Open Wednesday, 3 to 5 p. m. Satvn-day, 10 to 1 2 
a. m. At other times can be seen through the courtesy of 
the Superintendent's office. 

PENDLETON HOUSE. Entrance through the R. I. 
School of Design, 11 Waterman Street. Wonderful 
collection of antique mahogany, rugs, mirrors, porcelains, 
china and silver. Open 2 to 5 p. m. daily. Monday, 
W^ednesday and Friday, 25 cents. Tuesday, Thursday, 
Saturday and Sunday free. 

PROVIDENCE ART CLUB, 11 Thomas Street. From 
autumn until spring the gallery is almost always open to 
the pul))ic with interesting exhibitions of pictures. 

PROVIDENCE PUBLIC LIBRARY, Washington 
Street, corner Greene. Continuous exhibitions (photo- 
graphs, school work, etc.) in the Reading Room, second 
floor. 

RHODE ISLAND HISTORICAL SOCIETY, 66 Water- 
man Street. Library and historical relics. Portraits on 
first floor; relics in gallery of second floor and west wing 
of third. Open to the public week days, 9 a. m. to 4 
p. m. During August, 10 a. m. to 1 p. m. 

RHODE ISLAND SCHOOL OF DESIGN, 11 Water- 
man Street. Oil and water color paintings, engra\ings, 
casts of masterpieces of sculpture. Japanese pottery, 
metal work, lacquer and textiles. Open to pul:>lic July 1 
to September 15, 1 to 5 p. m. week days; 2 to 5 p.m. 
Sundays. September 15 to July 1, 10 a. m. to 5 p. m. week 
days; 2 to 5 p. m. Sundays. Monday, Wednesday and 
Friday, admission 25 cents; Tuesday, Thursday, Saturday 
and Sunday, free. 

SAYLES HALL, Brown University. Most extensive 
collection of portraits in the State. 

TILDEN THURBER CO. Fine art store, Westminster 
Street, corner Mathewson. Frequent exhibitions of 
notable paintings. 

7 



BOARD OF TRADE. 

Occupies Old Market I'viildiua;, Maiket Square. Organ- 
ized 18G8. Xow contains about 1000 inenihers. Exerts 
much beneficial influence upon the cojiunercial lil'e of the 
city and in .■•.ll public affairs. Secretary, George H. ^^'ebb. 




' i| 1' M A K K 1' r 111 n si; 

(Present lioard of Trade Builiiin;;) 



BUILDINGS. 

ANNMARY BROWN MEMORIAL. (See Museums). 

ARMORY, Cranston Street at Dexter Training Ground. 
Cost $500,000. Has the largest hall in the State. 

ARSENAL, Benefit Street, built 1840-3. Home of 
Providence Marine Corps of Artillery. 

ATHENAEUM. (See Libraries). 

CITY HALL, west end of Exchange Place. Erected 
1874-8. Cost over $1,000,000. Fine lobby and Council 
chambers. Portraits of Henry Wheaton, diplomat and 
historian, Edward S. Rhodes, Ebenezer Knight Dexter, 
philanthropist, and all the Mayors since 1832. Bust of 
Rogers Williams over entrance. Guide will show visitors 
about the building. 

COURT HOUSE of Providence County (Superior 
Court) corner Benefit and College Streets. Completed 
1877. Architecture, French Gothic, cost $225,000. Con- 
tains State Law Library. Historical painting in the main 
hall by C. R. Grant represents the return of Roger 
Williams with the first charter of the colony in 1644. 

COURT HOUSE, (Supreme Court) corner Benefit 
and Angell streets. 

FIRE DEPARTMENT HEADQUARTEPvS. Central 
Fire Station, east end of Exchange Place. 

OFFICE BUILDINGS. Most important are I'^'tniaan 
Building. Weybosset, cornet Exchange Street; Industrial 
Trust, Westminster and Exchange Streets and Exchange 
Place; Union Trust Co., \\'estuunster and Dorrance 
Streets; Butler Exchange, 123 Westminster Street. 

OLD MARKET BUILDING, Market Square, now 
occupied by the Board of Trade. Erected 1773 for a 
market, the windows in the lower floor were formerly the 
stalls. Third story added 1797. For the larger part of 
the last century it was used as the City Hall. The sug- 
gestion that the building be restored to its early appear- 

8 



ance with natural brick color is worthy of much com- 
mendation. Taljlet on west end of building commemo- 
rates the burning of British Taxed Tea, March 2, 1775. 

POLICE DEPARTMEXT IIEADQUARTP.RS. Cen- 
tral Police Station, Fountain Street. 

POOR DEPARTMENT HEAI)QIL\RTERS. Munici- 
pal Lodging House and Charity ^^'ood Yard, 616 Eddy 
Street. 

POST OFFICE, now building. East end of Exchange 
Place. To cost about $1,500,000. Clark and Howe 
architects. Regarded by architects as one of the finest 
government buildings outside of Washington. Present 
post ofiice is on ^^'eybosset Street, corner of Custom House 
Street. 

PROVIDENCE JOURNAL BUILDING, corner West- 
minster and Eddy Street — recently erected and notable 
for its ornate beauty. 

STATE HOUSE, often referred to as the "Marble 
Palace, " is situated upon the crest of Capitol Hill, over- 
looking the city in all directions and commanding a 
magnificent view of the upper harbor. This glorious build- 
ing is constructed of white marble and is distinguished by 




Drawn by Sidney Burleigh 

GILBERT STUART'S BIRTHPLACE 

having one of the few marble domes to be found in the 
entire world. Considered a triumph of masonary ; rises 235 
feet above terrace level. Completed 1902, cost about $3- 
200,000. McKini, Meade & White, architects. See Senate, 
House of Representatives, State Reception Room and State 
Library. In State Chamber is portrait of ^^'ashington by 
Gilbert Stuart; portrait of Gen. Greene to go opposite. 
In Secretary of State's office is original charter granted by 
King Charles in 1663 under which the colony, and after- 
wards the State, was governed until 1843; in corridors are 
portraits of Governors, celebrated portrait of Gov. Sprague; 
battle flags of R. I. Regiments in air tight cases in lower 
lobbies; Gettysburg gun. Grounds contain 17 acres. 
Reached via Francis Street from Exchange Place. In- 
scription on South Front of State House, "To Hold 



Forth a Lively Experiment That a Most Flourishing 
Civil State May Stand and Best be Maintained with Full 
Liberty in Religious Concerniiients." 

Inscription on North Side of State House, "Providence 
Plantations Pounded by Roger Williafns 1636. Provi- 
dence, Portsmouth, Newport, Licorporated by Parliament 
1643. Rhode Island Providence Plantations Obtained 
Royal Charter 1663. In General Assembly Declared a 
Sovereign State May 4, 1776." 

Inscription around interior of Dome, "Kara Temporum 
Felicitas Ubi Sentire Quae ^^elis et Quas Sentias Dicere 
Licet." Tacitus. 

"Rare Felicity of the Times When it is Permitted 
to Think as You Like and Say What You Think." 

Visitors welcome — guides expect no fee. 

STATE HOUSE (old) built 1763, Benefit, North Main 
and Court Streets. Originally occupied by R. I. Colonial 
Assembly, which on May 4, 1776, two months prior to the 
Declaration of Independence in Philadelphia, adopted the 
famous act renouncing allegiance to Great Britain. This 
was the first official Declaration of Independence made 
by any colony. The 131st anniversary of the event was 
celebrated in the same hall, May 4, 1907. Building now 
used by District Court. 




THK UISIUN STATION, PKOVIUENCJE 



UNION STATION, north of Exchange Place and City 
Hall Park, a long low series of buildings of plain but 
dignified arcliitecture, harmonizing admiral)ly with their 
surroimdings. Charles Zueblin, the writer upon municipal 
affairs regards this station as one of the most ideal and 
satisfactory in the country; used by 30,000 persons daily. 
Spoken of by railroad engineers as the best combination 
of double terminal and through station in existence, 
and as one of the l)est operating stations in the country. 
Cost $4,400,000. Three streets and a ri^■er run under the 
station. 

UxNION TRUST BUILDING. 18th century French 
architecture. Banking room pre-eminent in this country 
if not in the world for costly and elaborate decoration. 
Clarence Luce devised the color scheme and designeti the 
stained glass windows which contain reproductions of the 
seals of the great banking institutions of the world. 
Indian and Puritan (by Daniel French, over Dorrance 
Street entrance) are typical of the personages and ideals 
toward which New Englanders will always retain mingled 
feelings of pride and reverence. 

Y. M. C. A. BUILDING, Cathedral Square. (See 
Pliilanthropy and Charity). 

10 



Y. W. C. A. BUILDING, Washington Street. (See 
Philanthropy and Charity). 

See also Churches, Clubs, Hospitals, Hotels, Libraries, 
Museums, Philanthrojjy and Charity, Schools and Colleges, 
Theatres. 

CEMETERIES. 

The most important ones are North Burial Ground, of 
great interest historically, and Swan Point, notable for its 
beauty of landscape gardening. 

NORTH BURIAL GROUND (2 miles via Branch Ave. 
cars, and all Pawtucket cars except Hope Street line) 
on land set apart by the town about 1700. The western 
portion is very beautiful where the land falls off toward 
the IMoshassuck River. Among the noteworthy memor- 
ials are those to Thomas Smith ^^'ebb, founder of St. 
John's Encampment of Knights Templar in Rhode Island 
and Grand Master of Grand Encampment of the U. S. 
First President of Handel and Haydn Society of Boston. 
Chad Brown, one of the original proprietors of the Provi- 
dence Purchase, having been exiled from Massachusetts, 
died 166.5. Horace Mann, educator. General Barton, 
who distinguished himself by the capture of General 
Prescott, Conunander-in-Chief of the British forces in 
Rhode Island, 1777. Canonicus (See Historic Places). 

SWAN POINT, Blackstone Boulevard (Dyer Avenue 
and Swan Point car, 2^ miles). Park-like in natural 
beauty and artistic layout. Many costly memorials and 
fine works of art. Grovmds join those of Butler Hospital. 
River Road along the Seekonk particularly beautiful. 




THE "RorXD top" CHURCH 

CHURCHES. 

There are about 145 churches in Providence. The 
leading ones either for beauty or for historic interest are : 

BAPTIST. First Baptist Meeting House, occupies the 
square between North Main, Waterman, Thomas and 
Benefit Streets. Five minutes walk from Market Square. 

11 



Founded by Roger Williams, its first pastor. Its bell, 
made in London, bears the inscription, "This church 
was formed A. D. 1639, the first in the State and the eldest 
of the Baptists in America." The present edifice 
erected 1775, "for the worship of Almighty God and 
also to hold Commencements in" was designed by 
Joseph Brown and James Summer after Gibb's church 
of St. Martins-in-the-Fields, London, and is recognized 
as one of the finest specimens of Colonial architecture in 
America. Brown University Commencements have been 
held in this building since Revolutionary days. From 
time immemorial, the bell has been rung at sunrise, noon 
and at 9 o'clock in the evening, this last being known as 
the curfew bell. 

CONGREGATIONAL. Beneficent ("The Round Top") 
Weybosset Street, corner Abbott Park, 5 minutes from 
Market Square. Erected in 1809. Beautiful Colonial 
structure. Conspicuous for its dome and lantern. 

Central Congregational Church, Angell street corner 
Diman Place. Spanish Renaissance. (Several car lines 
including Butler Avenue and Elmgrove Avenue.) 

EPISCOPALIAN. Grace Church, corner Westminster 
and Mathewson Streets. Almost cathedral in its in- 
terior decorations and arrangements, and known as the 
Bishop's Church of the Episcopal Diocese. Handsome 
Gothic building erected 1845. Architect, Richard Upjohn. 
Beautiful stained glass windows. Chime of bells given 
by various indi\'iduals and corporations, the bell gi\'en by 
the First Light Infantry being accompanied by the con- 
dition that chimes should be rung on September 10th of 
each year, the anniversary of Perry's Victory on Lake 
Erie in the War of 1812. 

St. John's, North Main Street. Erected 1810. Old- 
est Episcopal chvirch in the city. (All Pawtucket cars 
excepting Hope Street.) 

St. Stephens, George Street, near Brown. High church 
service. (Any car up College Hill.) 

METHODIST. Mathewson Methodist Episcopal 
Church, Mathewson Street, near Westminister. (Com- 
bination business and ecclesiastical structure. 

ROMAN CATHOLIC. Blessed Sacrament, Academy 
Avenue. (Atwells and Academy A^-enue car.) Notable 
for its beauty and distinguished by a campanile. Design- 
ed by Heins and La Farge of New York. Stained glass 
windows are among the last work of this kind done by 
John LaFarge. Frescoes by his son. 

Cathedral of SS. Peter and Paul. Junction Weybosset 
and W^estminster Streets, Cathedral Square. Seven 
minutes from Market Square. Built 1878. Brown stone, 
impressive interior. Five circular paintings in the ceiling 
and above the altars l)y Laniprecht; stained glass window 
by the Pustats of Innsbruch; cartoons by Kline, Munich; 
marble pillars by Theis and Trueg, Munich; statuary by 
Sibyl and Birk, New York. The decorator was Bodes of 
New York. 

Holy Name Church, Camp Street. (Camp Street car). 
Beautifiil structure of cream colored limestone, modelled 
after a church near Rome; exterior Romanesque with a 
campanile. Architect, James Murphy. Imposing facade 
with statue of the Sa^-ior in a lofty niche. Interior, Italian 
Renaissance. Above the colunms are heads of the Apostles 
after Thorwaldsen and della Robbia; windows by Mayer 
Bros., Munich; walls to be frescoed. 

UNITARIAN. First Congregational, (Unitarian) cor- 
ner Benefit and Benevolent Streets. Built 1815. 

12 



UNIVERSALIST. First Uniyersalist, corner Wash- 
ington and Greene Streets. Built 1871-72. Architect, 
Edwin L. Howland. Rich in memorials includino; a fine 
organ (completed 1907) and beautiful stained glass 
windows. 

CIVIC CENTRE. 

A noted Boston architect recently said, "Providence 
has taken advantage of an opportunity to create a beauti- 
ful Civic Centre such as any city in the world might envy 
and it has been the first of the large cities to achieve results 
along the lines to which so much modern thought is being 
given." The city has set aside for itself land A-alued at 
$3,000,000 and has converted it into a superb square and 
splendid garden and a railroad entrance unsurpassed in 
America. 

Exchange Place, a long, rectangular plaza that formerly, 
like most of the j^resent business district, was co\'ered by 
tide water, is in the very centre of the city. Around this 
area, the most notable buildings ai'e being placed. The 
City Hall stands on one end, and facing it is the beautiful 
Post Office, which the same enthusiast described as 
"the finest government building outside of Washington." 
City Hall Park, with the Bajnotti Fountain, extends along 
the wdiole length of the plaza in front of the station to 
welcome the coming of 30,000 daily travellers. 

But the Civic Centre of Providence is only half complete. 
As soon as the freight cars have been moved away from 
the \'ery door yard of the Capitol, the city and the state 
and railroads are expecting to do great things in the way 
of transformation. The large tract of land in the rear 
of the station will be converted into a public garden. 
Over beyond is the gentle eminence of Capitol Hill. To 
the left stands the splendid new Normal School in a 
beautiful garden where once were ugly foundries and the 
old State prison. On the opposite side of Francis Street 
the land has been swept clear of a motley collection of 
ramshackle rookeries and the massive State House rears 
its classic marble portico and its magnificent great dome 
against the sky. A happy harmonizing of dignified lines 
and excjuisite detail is this building of the State,— one 
of the most noble buildings of America and an everlasting 
joy to all who look upon it. 

Al)ove the plaza upon the east is the attractively varied 
sky line of College Hill, its richness of summer foliage 
obscvu'ing all but the highest roofs and the graceful spires 
of the — "aristocratic section," and crowned by interesting 
buildings of the old University. 

Toward the west, the channel of the Woonasquatucket 
River with broad streets on either side gives opportunity 
for a particularly desiralile boulevard to Davis Park and 
onward by means of the new Pleasant Valley Parkway 
to the hitherto much neglected northwest corner of the 
city. 

CLIMATE. 

The location of Pro^■idence gives her advantages over 
many other cities. Sheltered by her northern hills from 
the se\ere storms of the New England winter, and with 
the heat of the sunnner sun tempered by the pre^"ailing 
In-eezes from her broad bay, .she enjoys a climate that is 
much less susceptible to \iolent changes than that of any 
other large city in New Englan*!. It is mild in \\ inter and 
in\igorating and healthful in summer. 

Rhode Island is much less variable in climate than the 
other New England States, although there is considerable 
difference between the northern and southern portions. 
The foliage of the north meets here the foliage of the 

13 



south and niany species that are of disthictly northern 
character and are not found anywhere south of Rhode 
Island, grow side by side with other varieties that here 
find their northern limit. 

CLUBS. 

The diversity of the clubs in and around Providence 
gives a vivid idea of the character of its people and of 
their occupations and enjoyments. Besides the usual 
assortment of business clubs and social clubs belonging to 
a large city, there are an extraordinary number of clubs of 
varied interests and individuality. 

The Hope and University Clubs lead in a purely social 
way, while among the many musical, artistic and literaiy 
clubs, the Providence Art Club and the Handicraft are 
the most notable. 

The celebrated Squantum Club and the Pomham 
Club have fine estates on the shores of Narragansett Bay 
and numerous country clubs, like the Agawam and 
Wannamoisett (East Providence, Rumford car") possess 
extensive grounds and fine tennis courts and golf links. 

College fraternity houses are every year beconsing 
more niunerous. Some of the clubs that represent various 
nationalities like the Deutsche Gesellschaft and several 
Italian societies are very prosperous. There are cricket 
and polo clubs with grounds of their own, and boat clubs 
of every size and kind. The Narragansett Boat Club 
makes a specialty of rowing. 

Nearly 1000 sailboats and steam yachts belong to the 
Rhode Island, Edgewood and other yacht clubs near 
Pawtuxet, and canoe clubs are rapidly increasing in 
number. 

The following are the most important clubs: 

CANOE CLUBS. 

The Pawtuxet, Raskatchewan and Swastika have 
houses on Pawtuxet river, near Rhodes place, (Broad 
Street cars). The Wonkituck, Minne-ska and \N'achusett 
on the Ten Mile, East Providence (RuiTiford or Phillips- 
dale car) ; Conockonoquit, on Omega Pond at mouth of 
Ten Mile River (Rumford car); Narragansett on Seekonk 
River (Red Bridge car, Rimiford or Phillipsdale). 

CITY CLUBS. 

BROWN UNION. Middle campus, Brown University. 
For students and graduates. 

DEUTSCHE GESELLSCHAFT. Corner Niagara Street 
and Atlantic Avenue. (Broad Street car to Atlantic 
Avenue). 267 members. Social German club. 

HANDICRAFT CI JIB. Occupies the "Beckwith House," 
a beautiful Colonial mansion, cornei- of College and 
Benefit Streets. Object to promote love of art and en- 
courage indivi(hial work in the Handicrafts. Women, 
150 members. 

HOPE CLUB. 6 Benevolent Street. Fine building. 
320 members. Social club for men. 

PROVIDENCE ART CLUB. 11 Thomas Street, op- 
posite First Baptist Meeting House. Ocoipies a very 
quaint old mansion built about 1792. Cabaret with 
fireplace and brick ovens built 1767. Object, to promote 
love of art. 485 members. From autumn until spring the 
gallery is open to the public with interesting exhibitions 
of pictures. On I'homas Street see' also Fleur-de-ly.s 
studios. 

PROVIDENCE CAMERA CLI'B. 123 Eddy Street. 
Annual exhil^ition. 

14 



PROVIDENCE CENTRAL CLUB. 289 Weybosset 
Street. 350 members. Social ckib for men. 

PROVIDENCE CRICKET CLT B. Grounds Reservoir 
vVvenue. (Reservoir and Butler Avenue car). 

PROVIDENCE POLO CLUB. Grounds at Rumford. 
(Rumford car line). 

R. I. AUTOMOBILE CLUB. 16 Garnet Street. Hof 
Brau Haus building. 220 members. 

R. I. WOMEN'S CLUB. Churchill House, 155 Angell 
Street. Large membership. 

UNIVERSITY CLUB. Occupies Colonial mansion 
corner Benefit and Waterman Streets. 400 members. 
Men's social club for university graduates. 

WATER COLOR CLUB. About 70 members. Meet 
at each other's studios and exhibit each year at the Art 
Club. 

WEST SIDE CLI'B. 1029 Westminster Street, will 
soon occupy new cjuarters corner Washington and Aborn 
Streets. 232 memlaers. Social club for men. 

COUNTRY CLUBS. 

AGA\\ AM KUNT. North Broadway, East Providence, 
at Ten Mile River. 403 members, men and women. (Rum- 
ford or Phillipsdale car). 

METACOMET GOLE CLUB. Pawtucket Avenue. 
214 members. (Rumford car). 

POMHAM CLUB. East Providence, bet>veen Silver 
Spring and Riverside, on bluff oveilooking bay, about 4 
miles below city. 1S4 members, men. (Crescent Park 
or Bristol trolley or electric train from. Fo.k Point.) 

SQUANTUM CLUB. Beautiful estate overlooking 
Narragansett Bay, three miles below the city. East 
Providence shore north of Silver Spring. 200 m.embers, 
men. (Crescent Park or Bristol trolley or electric train 
from Fox Point.) 

WANNAMOISETT GOLF CLUB. Bourne Avenue, 
corner Hoyt, East Providence. 370 members, men and 
women. (Rumford car.) 

YACHT AND BOAT CLUBS, 

NARRAGANSETT BOAT CLUB. Seekonk river at 
Blackstone Park. 124 members. (Rumford and Phillips- 
dale cars.) 

R. I. YACHT CLUB. Foot of Ocean Street, Pawtuxet. 
363 membei'S. (Bi-oad Street cars.) 

PROVIDENCE CORINTHIAN YACHT CLUB, 
Allen Avenue, foot of Seymour Street. 120 members. 
(Eddy Street car.) 

EDGEWOOD YACHT CLUB. .506 members. (Edge- 
wood cars.') Foot of Shaw Avenue, Edgewood. 

PAWTUCKP:T boat club. Seekonk river below 
Division Street, Pawtucket. 

WASHINGTON PARK YACHT CLUB. 11 Alabama 
Avenue. 276 members. (Edgewood and Washington 
Park car.) 

COLONIAL ARCHITECTURE. 

The student or lover of Colonial arcliitecture finds 
Providence a rich field. While New York and Boston 
have almost nothing left of the grand epoch, and "Hart- 
ford and New Haven have been done over, and badly done 
at that ' ' Providence is still architecturally very interesting. 
Many magnificent mansions still survive in their old 
time grandeur and other landmarks, humble but archi- 
tecturally admirable, are scattered all over the lower 
East Side, and less frequently in other neighborhoods. 

15 



Within the radius of a few squares, one may ol)tain 
many charming glimpses of Colonial scenery each one 
possessing "Anglo Saxon home feeling," and testifying to 
the taste and skill of its builder, and the skill of the 
mechanics, all of whom had probably served an appren- 
ticeship of some years in England or the same time in this 
country with those who had come from England and 
brought with them English traditions of the Georgian 
period, and the books on architecture of Sir Wm. Cham- 
Ijers, James (iibbs and others. 

Angell Street, No. 296 (corner Diman Place) Diman 
House, built ISOO. 

Benefit Street, (See Historic Places) Ccornerourt Street, 
Okl State House (See Buildings). Corner South Court 
Street, Golden Ball Inn (See Historic Places). Between 
Thomas and Waterman Streets, First Baptist Meeting 
House. No. 109 (corner Bowen) Dorr House, built 
1809 and adapted from the Poe Villa at Twickenham. 
No. 218, Pendleton House, Colonial Museum connected 
with the Rhode Island School of Design is a notable 
reproduction of the best early American arcliitecture. At 
corner of College Street, Beckwith House, now the Handi- 
craft Club, Iniilt about 1820. No. 357, John Carter 
Brown House, built 1791. Joy Wheeler Dow in his 
delightful American Renaissance says of this house, 
"It has just the atmosphere that reaches the inner man, 
and that is the atmosphere I want." 

Benevolent Street, No. 12. (corner Magee) CraAvford 
.411en house, built about 1810. 




AN EAST SIDE COLONIAL MANSION 

(The John Brown House, built 1786) 

Brown University, University Hall, (See Schools and 
Tal)lets). 

George Street, No. 2, (corner Benefit) built about 1814. 

Market Square. Old Market Building, built 1773 by 
Joseph Brown and Stejihen Ilojikins (See Buildings). 

North Main Street, No. 1 18, Clarendon Hotel, built 1775. 
First Baptist Meeting- Hou.se; Old State House (See 
Buildings): St. John's Church. 

Power Street, No. 52, John Brown House. Built 1786 
by Joseph Brown (who also designed First Baptist Meeting 

16 



House, Providence National Bank, and Old Market Build- 
ing). Perhaps the finest Colonial mansion in New Eng- 
land; Washington and other prominent men have been 
entertained here and many interesting relics are preserved 
of their visits. Now contains the finest private Shake- 
spearean collection in the w'orld. (See Marsden J. 
Perry Library). 

Power Street, northeast corner of Brown, Thomas 
Poynton Ives House, built 1816. 

South Main Street, No. 78, Providence National Bank. 
Designed by Joseph Brown and built 1774 as his home. 
(See Historic Places). 

Thomas Street, No. 11, Providence Art Club. 

Waterman Street, No. 72 (opposite Brown Union) 
Edward Dexter House, built 1796. 

Westminster Street, Arcade (See Historic Places). 
Weybosset Street, Beneficent Congregational Church. 
Williams Street, No. 66, Carrington House, built 1813. 

COMMERCE. 

ProAddence has the finest and safest harbor entrance 
on the northern Atlantic coast. Narragansett Bay, 
NA'hich is about thirty miles long and three to twelve niiles 
broad, embracing an area of some 300 square miles, is 
practically land locked, and safe during the most A'iolent 
storms. Providence lies at the head of the western arm 
of the Bay, miles beyond the range of projectiles fro)n a 
hostile fleet. 

The wide area between the junction of the I'ivers at 
Fox Point, and their exit into the Bay, between Field's and 
Kettle Point, is cidled the "outer harbor." When the 
dredging now in progress by the National Government is 
finished, the harbor will have a luiiform depth of 25 feet, 
including an anchorage area of 171 acres. Above Fox 
Point the inner harbor is under the sole care of the city. 
The favorable possibilities of the port oft'er inducements to 
unlimited capital for investment in wharfage property, 
shipping, and in coastwise and fon^gn commercial and 
passenger service. There is ample space along the water 
fiont for warehouses and for manufacturing plants of 
endless variety, which have unrivaled facilities for recei\-- 
ing raw material and dispatching the finished product of 
manufacture, at the least possible expenditun; in handling. 
Situated as Providence is, in the centre of a great Uianu- 
facturing district, it ought to be a great importing and 
exporting centre. 

It still lacks adequate railroad approaches from the 
west and north which are called for by its position of 
commercial ad\'antage at the head of Narragansett Bay, 
the natiual distributing point for New England of all 
things that come in ships. 

HISTORIC PLACES. 

ARCADE, built 1828, in the form of an Ionic Greek 
Temple. Its pillars are the largest monoliths in America 
excepting those of the Cathedral of St. John the Divine, 
New York. They are 22 feet long and 3 feet in diameter. 
They were cut by hand in the town.of Johnston. 

On Westminster Street, the pediment is triangular, on 
Weybosset Street, rectangular, the explanation being the 
difference in taste of the two architects, Russell Warren 
and James Bucklin who compromised in this way. 

Napoleon's building, the Madeleine in Paris, is thought 
to have been the stimulus for erecting the seven or eight 
arcades which sprang up in the United States about the 

17 



time this one was completed. It is said that none but the 
one in Providence now stands, this loneliness adding to 
its fame. 

BROWN UNIVERSITY (See schools.) 

CAMPING GROUND of Troops from France (See 
Tablets, page 30) 

CANONICUS MEMORIAL, Sachems Glen, North 
Burial Ground. When Roger AVilliams, an exile and wan- 
derer, sought the banks of the Moshassuck, Canonicus, 
Chief of the Narragansetts received the outcast with kind- 
ness, supplied his wants and stayed his wanderings by 
conveying him land. Thenceforth, Roger AMIliams and 
Canonicus were firm and fast friends, and their hdelity 
and affection for each other never wavered. The found- 
ing of this little state therefore was due to two utterly 
incongruous elements, persecution and love; — the per- 
secution of a Clu-istian by his fellow Christians, and the 
love of barbarous heathen for the object of that persecu- 
tion. 

EARTHWORKS, Reservoir Avenue, nearly opposite 
Mashapaug Pond, (Reservoir and Butler Avenue car.) 
Part of old wall and ditch constructed during second war 
with England. Originally extended from Fort Indepen- 
dence at Fields Point to Mashapaug Pond. 

EAST SIDE, the oldest section of the city. Here can 
be found the University, and many interesting streets 
with delightful examples of Colonial architecture. (See 
Colonial Architecture.) 

FIRST BAPTIST MEETING HOUSE (See Churches.) 

FORT INDEPENDENCE, 110 feet long by 60 wide. 
Shortly after the Battle of Bunker Hill when British ships 
threatened an attack on Providence, the people in town 
meeting assembled ordered intrenchments "hove up" be- 
tween Fields Point and Sassafras Point, appointing Cap- 
tain Nicholas Power to superintend the construction. 
Townspeople of every trade and profession proceeded to 
fortify "the hill to the south of the house of William Field." 
The British fleet after beseiging Newport bombarded 
Bristol on October 7, 1775, but were evidently kept from 
Providence by the warlike preparations. (See Parks.) 

GASPEE POINT, seven miles from Providence via 
Pawtuxet. (See History.) 

GOLDEN BALL INN, now the Mansion House, corner 
Benefit and South Court Streets, nearly opposite the old 
State House. Opened in 1784 under the name of the 
Golden Ball Inn with corresponding sign — it is the oldest 
pul)lic house now standing in Providence. As soon as 
Congress adjourned in 1790, President Washington, with 
a party in which were Thomas Jefferson, Secretary of 
State, Gov. Clinton, and others, visited the new State of 
Rhode Island, wliich had only the May before adojited 
the Constitution. He took passage on a packet arriving 
in Providence at four o'clock in the afternoon, August 
18th. From the wharf, he was escorted by a procession 
which included representatives of the college, to the Gold- 
en Ball Tavern. This procession is said to have "exceed- 
ed anything of the kind ever exhibited in this town." 
Upon his arrival at the Tavern, the President reviewed 
the procession and then retired from public gaze. Just 
as he was taking leave of his p;'rty, for the night, lie was 
informed that the students of the college had illuminated 
it and would be highly flattered if he should visit them. 
Though the weather was disagreeable and President 
^^'ashington was imaccustomed to going out nights, he 
and his party accepted the students' invitation and "made 
a nocturnal procession" to the college which one of his 
party said was well worth seeing, being splendidly illumin- 

18 



ated. The next day the President, accompanied by Gov. 
Fenner, climbed to the roof of University Hall in order 
"to view the beautiful and extensive prospect." President 
Munroe, Gen. Lafayette and James Russell Ijowell have 
all found entertainment at this inn. 

HOPKINS HOUSE, Admiral Esek (See Parks.) 
HOPKINS HOUSE, 9 Hopkins Street. Residence of 
Stephen Hopkins, a statesman whose leadership, previous 
to and during the Revolution, cannot be overestimated. 
He was colonial governor of Rhode Island for nine years, 
chief justice, and signer of the Declaration of Independ- 
ence. In 1804, the house was moved from the foot of the 
hill to its present location, the side formerly facing on 
South Main Street being kept turned toward that street. 
General Washington passed a night here in 1775. 
MANSION HOUSE, (See Golden Ball Inn.) 
NARRAGANSETT BAY. Here was committed the 
first hostile act against the British when in 1769 the New- 
port people sank his Majesty's armed sloop "Liberty" 
and burned her boats; and here was shed the first blood 
of the Revolution, when in 1772, Providen(>e and Bristol 
men captured and destroyed the British schooner "Gaspee" 
and wounded her commander. 

NORTH BURIAL GROUND. (See Cemeteries.) 
OLD MARKET BUILDING. (See Buildings.) 
PAWTUXET, meaning Little Falls, a small village 
at the mouth of the Pawtuxet River, five miles from 
Providence. A settlement was made here in 1638 by 
four men from Providence, and the place has had since 
then a distinct existence. Quaint old fishing village with 
ancient houses clustered about a picturescjue cove filled 
with pleasure boats of all kinds. Fine summer cottages 
on the Neck. (Edgewood and Pawtuxet car.) 
PROVIDENCE ART CLUB (See Clubs.) 
PROVIDENCE INSTITUTION FOR SAVINGS, 86 
South Main Street. Oldest savings bank in the State. 
Incorporated 1819. Fine example of architecture; 
different from anything else in the city. 

PROVIDENCE NATIONAL BANK, 78 South Main 
Street. Incorporated 1791. Oldest banking institution 
in the State. (See Colonial Architecture.) 

ROGER WILLIAMS GR.VVE, site, northeast corner 
Benefit and Bowen streets. 

ROGER WILLIAMS HOUSE, Rock, Seekonk house 
and Spring, (See Tablets page 31.) 

STATE-HOUSE, (old). (See Buildings.) 
STREETS. (See Colonial Architecture.) Half way 
up College Hill and running at right angles to it is Benefit 
Street, one of the finest old residential thoroughfares of 
Providence. The tide of building improvement has 
passed it by, but there was no more stately or dignified 
street in the city. Either directly upon it or near at hand 
there have grown up several institutions of a public or 
semi-public character well worth visiting. (See Colonial 
Architecture and Proposed Walks under Introduction to 
Providence). 

MARKET SQUARE AND WEYBOSSET BRIDGE, 
at lower end of Westminster Street. Old buildings 
around east side are interesting for quaint architecture. 
Site of old fording place, and later colonial drawbridge. 
TOWNE STREET, now North and South Main Streets, 
was at first merely a shore road, on the east side of the 
Providence river, running along in front of the "planta- 
tions" or "home lots." It led from Fox Point up into 
the country. Gradually lanes, finally widened and 

19 



fenced as streets were opened eastward, such as Olney 
and Power .Streets. 

WESTMINSTER STREET was opened in 1763 when 
a movement was proposed to establish a new Township 
on the west side named Westminster, now the centre of 
retail trade. 

WEYBOSSET STREET. After the building of Wey- 
bosset Bridge (Great Bridge") in 170J, roads were opened 
westward, Weybosset and Broad Streets leading to Paw- 
tuxet. 

TRANSIT STREET, so n.-uned from the fact that in 
1769, Joseph Brown and his brother Moses took an ob- 
servation of the transit of Venus, from this point, import- 
ing the instrunients for the purpose. 

TURK'S HEAD, east junction of Westminster and 
Weybosset Streets at Exchange Street received its name 
from an image which with open mouth, and turban crown- 
ed head, formerly stood here. 

HISTORY. 

(See also Roger Williams) 

"Territorially Rhode Island is small. So was Rome 
during the years of her proudest deeds. So was Athens 
always. So were Macedon and Phoenicia and Palestine. 
States are not great or small according to their miles, and 
as the little birthtown of the Christ, Bethleham, in the 
land of Juda, was not least among the Princes of Juda, so 
Rhode Island, diminutive as she is physically, is far from 
least among the princely constituents of this republic. 
Rhode Island was first of the old thirteen, both by de- 
claration and by overt act to renounce allegiance to George 
III. She founded the American navy and its most splen- 
did achievement to date stands eternally associated with 
a Rhode Island name. All the world knows how, in the 

Eerson of Oliver Hazard Perry at the immortal battle of 
ake Erie, we of Rhode Island "Met the enemy and they 
were ours." 

In sending \\^ashingt<)n his best subordinate comman- 
der in the Re\olutionary War, the matchless Nathaniel 
Greene, Rhode Island had great part also in founding our 
army. As an early constitution framer, Stephen Hop- 
kins is worthy to be classed with Benjamin Franklin." 

Thus has Dr. E. Benjamin Andrews set forth, in a 
notable address, some of the things for which Rhode 
Island may claim renown. 

During the stirring events that preceded the formation 
of the union, the town joined heartily with the state in 
all great moA'emonts, many of which she originated. 
Above all else, be it known that she was the first to recog- 
nize religious liberty and to try in a practical way the 
great experiment of separating Church and State. The 
story of liberty cannot properly be written without some 
reference to the "I>ively Experiment" instituted by 
Roger Williams. The settlement of Providence stood 
for a definite ideal, It meant something to civilization, 
for Providence stood for freedom of thought when freedom 
was elsewliere unknown. Short as is the history of this 
State and but a little span in the world's great history, 
it has nevertheless been long enough for the principles of its 
great and prophetic founder to extend far beyond the 
seas, and the voice of liberty is calling around the world. 

The popular spirit in Providence was signally shown 
in 1772 in the burning of His Majesty's armed revenue 
schooner, the Gaspee, grounded on Nanquit Point, while 
chasing a sloop lielonging to John Brown. This eminent 
merchant led the chase across the sand bar which was 

20 



k 



covered by water at high tide, well knowing that while 
he could get across, the Gaspee must be grounded. 
At his call, volunteers mustered by the score to burn 
the hated vessel, and manning eight long boats under 
the command of Abraham Whipple, swooped down at night 
iipozi their quarry. After an exchange of shots in 
which the British Commander was wounded and the first 
blood in the Re\olution spilt, they captured the crew, put 
them ashore, then set the Gaspee on fire, and retiring 
saw it burst into flames and paint the midnight sky with 
lurid portent of the approaching conflict. It was a 







patriotic and retaliatory, but illegal act. Neverless, its 
perpetrators were safe though large rewards were offered 
for their discovery, because the people who did not 
participate in it were of the same mind with those who 
did. The English commander knew well enough who 
the leader was, however, and history records the following 
letter: "You, Abraham Whipple, on the 10th day of June, 
1772, burned His Majesty's vessel, the Gaspee, and 
I will hang you at the yard arm;" and the reply: "Sir 
James W^allace — Always catch a man before you hang 
him." 

(From Oration By Prof. Alonzo Williams) 

1. "Rhode Island was the first to instruct her officers 
to disregard the Stamp Act and to insure them indemnity 
for so doing." 

2. She was the first to support the resolutions passed 
by the House of Burgesses in ^^irginia in 1769 declaring 
that in them alone was vested the right of taxation. 
Rhode Island had explicitly declared the same thing four 
years earlier. 

3. The people of Providence in town meeting assem- 
bled was the first authorized body to recommend the 
permanent establishment of a Continental Congress, May 
17, 1774, and the General Assembly of Rhode Island was 
the first to appoint delegates thereto on June 15, 1774. 
These were Samuel ^^'aI■d and Esek Hopkins. 

4. Rhode Island formally declared her independence 
of Great Britian, May 4, 1776, two months before the 

21 



Declaration of Independence by Congress. She is thus 
the oldest independent sovereign government in the 
western world. 

5. Rhode Island was the first to brave royalty in 
arms and she spilled the first blood in the War for Inde- 
pendence. Before Lexington (April 19, 1775) even before 
the famous Boston "Tea Party," Decenilier 16, 1773, 
men of Newport had sunk His Royal Majesty's armed 
sloop Liberty, July 19, 1769, and men of Providence had 
sent up the Gaspee in flames, June 9-10, 1772. 

6. Rhode Island was the first state to create a Navy 
of her own. She gave the command to Abraham \\'hipple, 
who forthwith captiu'ed the first prize (the tender of 
the British frigate Rose, then off Newport) and fired 
the first cannon at the Royal Navy, June 15, 1775. 

7. Rhode Island was the first to recommend and urge 
upon Congress the establishment of a Continental Navy, 
Congress heeded the recommendation and chose Rhode 
Island to execute the plans, ^^'hcn the fleet was built 
our townsman, Esek Hopkins, was appointed first Com- 
mander-in-Chief (then so called) and three fourths of 
all the officers Avere from the little State of Rhode Island, 
whose bold mariners were the very vikings of the 
American Revolution. 

8. Rhode Island not only struck the first successful 
blow for freedom, but it took the final step as well, for 
when the war of the Revolution was over, it was the last 
of all the states to sign the Federal Constitution. Be- 
cause Rhode Island hesitated to surrender to the Fed- 
eral Government, the liberties enjoyed under her charter, 
the most liberal ever granted a colony, shall detractors 
still continue to charge her with a lack of patriotism? 
History answers. 

In proportion to her size and population, none of the 
thirteen States can compare with little Rhode Island in 
contributions to the Continental Loan. Though her 
State treasury was exhausted and largel}' in debt by reason 
of expenses incurred during the French War, yet how 
nobly, how generously, how patriotically she responded to 
the urgent call, history l^ears witness. The accounts 
of the Continental liOan Office in 1783 show that only 
four States contributed more than Rhode Island, diminu- 
tive as she was. 

Again, Rhode Island contributed not only as nmch 
money, but also proportionally as many men to the com- 
mon cause as any State, and they fought in eA'ery great 
battle under Washington during the War. I forbear, 
lest there be nothing of the first grade during this period 
left for the other States." 

HOSPITALS. 

The most important are: 

BRADLEY ESTATE, Fruit Hill, to be a hospital for 
infirm children. 

BUTLER HOSPITAL for nervous and mental dis- 
orders, is richly endowed. Its magnificent grounds, laid 
out by Olmsted, are open to the public. RiA'er road 
particularly beautiful. Elizabethan buildings luxuriously 
furnished. Maintains highest standard of excellence. 
Accommodates 200 patients. Situated between Black- 
stone Boulevard and Seekonk River. (Dyer Avenue and 
Swan Point car.) 

CITY HOSPITAL for treatment of contagious dis- 
eases, to be built corner Eaton and Hillwood Streets. 
Grounds, 25 acres in extent. 

22 



The following; three hospitals are maintained by pri- 
vate subscriptions and State and City appropriations: 

PROVIDENCE LYING-IN HOSPITAL, 96 State 
Street. (Douglas Avenue car to State Street.) Opened 
1885. About 350 women confined each year. 

RHODE ISLAND HOSPITAL, Eddy Street (Eddy 
Street cars.) Third largest hospital in New England. 
Fine buildings in beautiful grounds. Founded 1863. 
General hospital. Treats about 5,000 cases a year in 
the house. Noted for its outpatient department which 
treats 35,000 persons a year. Maintains magnificent 
estate on the shore of Narragansett Bay used as a summer 
hospital for children. 

SAINT JOSEPH'S HOSPITAL (Roman Catholic) 
corner Broad and Peace Streets (Broad Street cars.) 
Treats about 1400 cases a year in the ho'use. Maintains 
also an outpatient department; and tuberculosis depart- 
ment for 30 patients at Hillsgrove. 

LIBRARIES. 

From earliest times the people of Providence have 
been readers and collectors of books, and the three public 
libraries established before the Revolution are all vig- 
orous and useful. As early as 1753, the Providence 
Library was founded, following the example of Benjamin 
Franklin in Philadelphia. The purpose was to furnish 
a home library that would have a better selected and 
more A^aluable collection of books than that within the 
means of any individual shareholder. There were almost 
no libraries in existence at that time, and when it is con- 
sidered that the original library was consumed by fire 
in 1758, and that in 1768 the population of Providence 
was only 3869, a collection of 1000 volumes belonging 
to a private association speaks well for the taste and 
liberality of our forefathers. 

The following are the principal libraries: 

ANNMARY BROWN MEMORIAL. (See Museums). 

ATHENAEUM, chartered in 1836, was formed by the 
union of the Providence Library, founded in 1753, and 
the old Providence .Athenaeum established in 1831. It 
is a proprietary library, a type gaining in popularity in 
competition with free public libraries, but may be visited 
by the pulilic. It has now over 70,000 volumes and is 
especially rich in books upon art and bound files of period- 
icals. The building, Grecian Doric in style, encloses 
within the sterness of its granite walls an interior that in 
genuine library charm is without a superior in America. 
It consists of virtually one large room divided by book- 
cases into alcoves. — glorious retreats either for browsing, 
for study or for tete-a-tetes. In these alcoves, Poe and 
Mrs. Whitman carried on their literary courtship. Share- 
holders and members of their families have access to the 
bookshelves, and this privilege of personally inspecting 
the volumes before deciding on selections is one of the 
characteristic features of the Athenaeum, for it carries 
out the home idea which predominates the institution. 
Art Room. 
(In gallery directly above vestibule.) 

P.MNTINGS ON WeST WaLL. 

Wandering Jew. Horace Vernet, French School. 

James Percival, 1795-1856. American poet and 
geologist. .Alexander. 

Mrs. Sarah Helen Whitman. (Frame came originally 
from Gilbert Stiuirt). C. G. Thompson. 

A writer of poetry and prose, and noted for her romance 
with Poe. On one of their visits to the Athenaeum 

23 




24 



together in 1848, Mrs. Whitman expressed a wish to show 
him a cliarmiug poem in the American Review for Decem- 
ber, 1847. Poe smiled and admitted that he himself was 
the author. The librarian brought the magazine and 
Poe's signature to the verse was secured. 

Cavalier of the time of Charles I. Van Dyke. 

The Hours. Edward Green Malbone, born in Newport 
1777, died 1809. 

This gem of art in water colors upon a single sheet of 
ivory six inches by seven was painted in London in 1801. 
Speaking of it. Sir Benjamin West, President of the 
Royal Academy said, "I have seen a picture painted by a 
young man named Malbone which no man in England 
could excel." In 1854, it was bought for $1200 and pre- 
sented to the Athenaeum. The miniature represents a 
group of three female figures. In 1881, the Athenaeum 
was burglarized and The Hours, together with several 
other art treasures was stolen. A sufficient reward finally 
discovered it in New York. It is kept under lock and 
key in a carved wooden shrine. The Hours and Malbone's 
miniature of Nicholas Power can be seen only by courtesy 
of the lil)rarian. 

Edward Green Malbone, a world famous artist of 
Rhode Island birth, was to the art of miniature painting 
wdiat Gilbert Stuart was to portraiture, and "whoever 
writes the history of American art will have failed to do 
justice to the subject if he omit the name of Malbone." 
He died at the early age of 32. 

Theophila Palmer. Sir Joshua Reynolds. 

This is a porti-ait of Sir Joshua Reynolds' favorite 
niece when about 16 years of age. It was among the 
pictures sent by him to the exh.ibition of the Royal 
Academy in 1771 and entered in the catalogue as "A 
Girl Reading" and on Horace Walpole's copy of the 
catalogue was designated as "charming." 

Edward G. Malbone — photograph of the portrait by 
himself in the Corcoran Gallery of Art, Washington D. C. 

President Zachary Taylor. C. A. Foster. 

Two Italian Boys. Artist unknown. 

East Wall Paintings. 

Cyrus Butler — who gave largely to the Athenaeum. 

John Hampden. 1594-1643, English statesman and 
cousin of Oliver Cromwell. Gaudy. 

Washington Allston, 1779-1843, American poet and 
painter. Chester Harding 1792-1866. 

Harding painted this portrait for his own use and 
pleasure and speaks of it as one of his happiest efforts. 

Edward G. Malbone. Unfinished sketch, by himself. 

Inlaid Chinese Table. 

Bust of Albert Jones, who estalilished Jones Fund for 
the purchase of art books. 

Main Library Room. 

Joseph Ely. Portrait of former president. Hugo 
Bruel. 

Reading Room. 

George Washington. Copy by an Italian artist of 
Gilbert Stuart's full length portrait of Washington. 
Original painted for the Marquis of Lansdowne. 
Hours. 

September 20 to May 31, 9 a. m. to 10 p. m. 

June 1 to September 19, 9 a. m. to 6.30 p. m. 

Closed on IMemorial Day, Fourtli of July, I^abor Day, 
Thanksgiving and Christmas. 

BROWN UNIVERSITY LIBRARY, founded in 1767, 
occupies a Venetian Gothic building, corner Prospect 
and Waterman Streets. It contains 140,000 volumes, 
including the Harris library, which is the largest collection 

25 



of Anieiican poetry in the world; the Whoatoii collection 
of Interntitional Law and the liider coUeetion, vuiiciue 
in the rarity of its material on the history of Rhode 
Island. 

It also contains many objects of delightful historic 
interest; a beautiful hall clock which once belonged to 
Admiral Esek Hopkins; the chair used by Plorace Mann 
wlien a student at Brown; a table in which the college 
li!)rary was stored at Wrentham, Mass., during the Revolu- 
tion ; a daguerreotype of Poe taken in Providence and 
given l)y liim to Mrs. Whitman on the day they became 
engaged; Eliot's Indian liible with shorthand marginal 
notes l)y Roger Williams, and manuscript letters of 
Washington, (!rant, Hay and others. 

Open during term time 9 a. m. to 11 p. m. on Aveek days; 
2 to 11 p. m. Sundays; during vacations from 10 a. m. 
to 4 p. m. 

JOHN CARTER BROA\'N LIBRARY. Begun before 
the Revolution and presented to Brown University in 
1901. As a collection relating to the history of North 
and South America down to the end of 1800 it stands 
without a peer. It also contains specimens of early 
printing. It is the one library in the world that must be 
consulted by every first-hand investigator into the 
discovery, exploration, settlement and colonial history 
of all parts of the two Americas, and with its endowm(»nt 
of half a million dollars it niay be expected to maintain 
the supremacy it has won. The beautiful building of 
modified Greek architecture in which it is accommodated 
was dedicated in May, 1904. Open daily from 9 a. m. to 
5 p. m. It may be consulted by all properly qualified 
students or investigators upon application to the librarian. 

JOHN HAY MEMORIAL LIBRARY, Prospect Street, 
facing the front campus is to be built to accommodate 
the Brown University Library which long since outgrew its 
cjuarters. Named in honor of the late Secretary of State 
who was an alumnus of Brown. 

MARSDEN PERRY'S wonderful Shakespearean Library 
(pri\-ate) ranks in point of raiity and Aalue of its treasures 
first in the world, and is rivalled only by the British 
Museum. As an aside, Mr. Perry has the finest collection 
of Kelmscott books extant, consisting throughout of 
William Morris's own copies. 

MOSES BROWN SCHOOL LIBRARY, founded 1784, 
contains 9000 well selected volumes. (See Schools) 

PUBLIC LIBRARY, Washington and Greene streets. 
Established 1878. Building erected in 1900 at a cost of 
nearly $500,000 is a pure example of Italian Renaissance. 
Celebrated for its methods of administration Avhich have 
been widely copied, it deserves mention for its excellently 
maintained reference department, its children's depart- 
ment and for special collections, including Harris collection 
on Slavery and Civil War, Williams' collection of Folk-lore, 
the Standard Library of best literature and R. I. Me<li- 
cal Society's library of 22,000 volumes. Open usually 
9 a.m. to 9 p.m. Open Sundays and Christmas at 2 p.m. 

RHODE ISLAND HISTORICAL SOCIETY. (See 
Museums) 66 Waterman Street. Incorj)orated 1822. 
Its collections comprise 20,000 bound volumes, 40,000 
pamphlets, and several hundred volumes of manuscripts. 
Naturally rich in local history, genealogy and general 
American history, it possesses special collections upon 
American travel, Indian dialect, the English and American 
drama and publications of the Continental Congress. 
Connected with the library is a gallery of portraits and a 
museum of historical relics. Open week days 9 a.m. to 
4 p.m. During August 10 a.m. to 1 p.m. 

26 



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ba 

is 

an^ 

on 

in 

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to\ 



cen 

Sta 

inhi 

ban 

den 

the 

dep( 

that 

indi, 

artis 

fleet 



RHODE ISLAND STATE LIBRARY, State House, 
Capitol HilL Rich in state and government publications 
and in general works upon history and political science. 
Open to public 9 a.m. to 5 p. m. ; Saturdays 9 a.m. to 12 m_ 

SAYLES HALL contains the Gennanic, Classical, 
Economic, Romance and Biblical libraries. 

THE STATE LAW LIBRARY, a collection of 29,000 
volumes in the Providence County Court House. Open 
to the public 9 a.m. to 5 p.m. ; Saturdays 9 a.m. to 3 p.m. 

MANUFACTURES. 

Providence is one of the greatest indvistrial centres in 
America. It is the largest jewelry manufacturing city 
in the country and — with Pawtucket, the tenth in rank, 
Attleboro the fourth, and North Attleboro, the fifth (three 
suburbs) — it is probably the greatest .ieweli-y manufactur- 
ing centre of the world. 

Providence contains the largest silverware establish- 
ment and the largest mechanical tool manufactory in the 
world, and the product of its workers in the white metal 
is greater than that of any State in th? country other than 
Rhode Island. The value of its gold and silver refiniiig — 
largely the savings of the clippings and sweepings of its 
jewelry shops — is exceeded only by that of New York city. 




OLD SLATER MILL, PAWTDCKET, R. I. 

First Cotton Mill Ever Established in the United States 

]t Uianufactm-es uiore woolen and ^Aorsted goods than 
any other Anuiican city except Lawience. It has the 
largest screw manufactory and th(; largest file manu- 
factory in the world, and it is the second largest produ.cer 
of l^utterine products. It is a large producer of cotton 
goods, malt liquors, foundry and machine shop products, 
and rubber goods, and is one of the leading cities in the 
dyeing and finishing of textiles. Resides the leading 
industries here specified, it nuiy be said that nearly every 
uianufactured product in textiles, iron, gold, silver, and 
ol .er metals, is made in Providence, either in a large or 
.--..lall way. 

The Rhode Island metropolis is also the riatural trading 
•cntre and distributing point for a populous manufacturing 
conununity. Textile industries are carried on in nearly 
every city and town of the State. Within a t\vent.y-mile 
circle drawn around the Pro\-idence city hall, ^^hich in- 
cludes Taunton and Fall River- is the largest textile 
manufacturing centre in the country. 

Its pre-eminence as a great nianufacturing centre 
makes this city the natural point to which artisans of 
every degree gravitate in search of employnteTit, and as 
the facility for obtaining a\ orkmen is an impoi-tant factor 
in the location of new industries, Pro^'idence is a favorite 
point for the investment of capital. Industrial enter- 

27 



Plan of a Portion 

OF THE Centre OF 

PROVIDENCE 

1907 



UP PROMENADE ST TO 
NEW PLEAS/^HT VALLEY ' 
PARKWAY, OAVJS PARK AND 
Ml PUASANT DISTRICT 



f STATE NOnMAt SCH f f STATE CAPITOL f 

\\ CAPLINrS VIA FRANCIS ST. TO STATP HOUS£ AND STATE 

QRMAL SCHOOL. CAPITOL HILL , Ml PLEASANT, SMITH ST., FRUlf 
. DAVIS Pjf^K, ELMmST STATE HDUf. 



^^-^ 




VIA WESTMINSTER ST WEST, CARS TO OLNEYYILLE SO. INCLUDE LINES TO PLAINFIELO 
ST.,NEUTACONMNUT PARK & THORNTON, DYER AVE, HARTFORD AVE, OANIELSONCCONN.).MAN- 
TONAVE & CENTREOALE, & CRANSTON ST LINES TO ARLINGTON. MESHANTICI/T, LAUREL HILL 
{UNION AVE).OEXTER TRAINING- GROUND hNEW STATE ARMORY & NAURAGANSETT PARK. 
VIA BROADmY ,CARS<Tp^fU^EYVILLE SQUARE ETC. 
VIA AT WELLS AVE .fiAR^^^:^^ ^ ^ 
MT PLEASANT AND ^^Q ,-— 

ACADEMY AVE. ^' 










fOUNT*-"^ 



MGTQN 



s-r. 



WgRTrsTCff 



W Q 



5T 



'Ttl/tfr/i'/* 







kncL 
2: 




(three 

WEST-SlOf HIOH'- 
SCHOOLS. THREE 

Blocks beyond) 





JOHN'S 
I'lS.CH. 



'Si^^JM,i'!!Af'^^^^^'^^^ ^0 pawtucket. 

, I^JlLLautiU,fvd0NS0CKEr.W0ktmR, UYLESyiLLC 
VIA SMITHFIELD AVF.,mNSI\UCK h NORTH PROV.,A DMIRAL 
STCAMP ST «, CONSTITUTION HILL. 



L3 



WCGTM I N 




fTER 



CTSni 1 )t7Tmi II imin n-Trrrir 



i\\ 



J 



''STXAVieR 
COHVENT 

a n LINES VIA em AD stree t 

EOH tiOUIH PROVIDENCE, EOCEWDd'o A 
PAWTUXET, ROGER V^ILLIAMS PARK, 

Z^^l^^^'r'^'^^f^^ OAKLAND BEACH. 

BUTTONWODOS,WARWICH, ROCKY POINT &. 
^fflJJIF^^ ^f S0/f7-5- & VIA BROAD ST AND. 
jiS^r Z'if'-'^^OOD, ROGER WILLIAHIS PARK, 
AUBURN. EAST GREENWICH, WICKFORO, NARRAOANSETT 
P^^^rSTATElHSTiTUTmS.RIVERPOINlhPAmUXET 



MANUEACTU 
0IS\ 



JEWELRY 




Sog-oo? 



■-> 



D 




m 



D. 



n 



^. 





Wlu^iOCK ISLAND, 

- fir POINT, riELus pi 

. -. .' SPRING, niVEffSlDE LHf 
CENT PMK. INANITY FAIR, ac 

CARS VIA SOUTH MAIN ST TO 



f^^ly rORK * BALTIMOIft STEAMSHIP LINES, & TO 

FALL RIVFa hSmSTDL DEPOTS - ALSO TROLLEY LINES TO, , 
NEWPORT, NEWBEDFORO, FALL RIVER. BRISTOL. TAUNTON, EAST 
PBOylOENCE, BARRINGTDN CRESCENT PARK, VANITY FAIR h EAST 
SIOE SHORE RESORTS. 



VIA COLLEGE & WATERMAN STS. 

CARS TO PAWTUCKET- HOPE ST, LINE' 
BLACKSTONE PARK & BLVD., BUTLER 
\ HOSPITAL, SWAN POI/ITCEM. SCKOHK 
{RIVER, HUMFORO, HUNTS MILLS,TEN MILE 
]^ER,AGAWAM A milNAMOISETT 
^^^BS, BROWN SCHOOL , ** 

"^ TjOPE STREET HIGH SCHOOL. ETC 



♦ / OLK. SOUTH. 



BnonMumoM 



uNivERsnr 

HALL 
11770) 







^ua'.t'y'""'''^ 



ANNMAny MUSEUM/ 
I BLK. SOUTH. / 



prisos ill the city thus have a great population in which to 
dispose of their wares, and a large and varied industrial 
arni}^ i'roui which to obtain skilled workmen. 

The Metropolitan I)istrict, if it were all one city in 
name as it is in fact, would rank in population eleventh 
auionsr the great cities of the country. In manufactures 
in 1900, it was sixth among industrial centres for capital 



BKOWX Jv: SHARCE .MF(;. CO., PHOVUIENCE, U. I. 

inA'ested and wage-inirncrs employed, and fifth in the 
annual amount of \\ages paid. $143,000,000 of products 
were ])eing annually pi'oduced iri factories wiiich had a 
capital of $140,787,000 and p;.,id $31,087,953 to their 
75,000 employees. The industries of the city proper 
were represented by about two-thirds of the above 
figm'es. Since 1900, according to the census report, the 
manufacture.- of Khode Island as a whole have increased 
more rapidly than those of any other State. 

MEMORIALS AND STATUARY. 

Including Fountains, Gates, Statuary and Tablets. 
Some other memorials are described under appropriate 
headings. 

FoUNT.^INS. 

ATHENAEUM. line drinking fountain for people 
and dogs, presented to the corporation by Mrs Anna 
Richmond, 1873. ' ' Come hither everyone that thirsteth. " 

BAJXOTTI MEMORIAL FOUNTAIN, City Hall 
Park, designed by Enid Yandell. Represents the struggle 
of life. Figures in bronze. Given to the city by Paul 
Bajnotti of Turin, Italy, in memory of his wife, Carrie 
Mathilde Brown. 

DYER MEMORIAL FOIJNTAIN, (the Falconer), 
designed by Henry Hudson Kitson. It cost $10,000 and 
was presented to the City of Providence by the late Daniel 
Lyman, in honor of his grandfather Elisha Dyer. This 
work of art represents an athlete with physical develop- 
ment at the highest point of perfect attainment possible 
to the human body. 

Gates. 

BROWN T'Nn^ERSITY, George Street entrance, 
near John Carter Brown Library. Built as a memorial to 
John Nicholas Brown by his widow, 1904. 

BROWN UNIVERSITY, Prospect Street entrance. 
"In memory of Augustus Stout Van Wickle of the class 
of 1876. "By achievement he honored, by gift he remem- 
bered his alma mater. ' ' 

BI'TLER HOSPITAIv, Blackstone Boulevard en- 
trance. "In memory of three generations of benefactors 
to the Butler Hospital, Nicholas Brown, founder; John 
Carter Brown, president; John Nicholas Brown, trustee; 
who blessed their native state by their labor and their 
beneficence." 

MOSES BROWN SCHOOL, Lloyd Avenue entrance. 
In memory of Theodate Lang, wife of Joshua L. Baily, 
a pupil of this school. Erected by her five sons, 1907. 

28 



ROGER WILLIAMS PARK, Elmwood Avenue en- 
trance. In memory of Anna H. Man, who on her death 
left a bequest of $200,000 to the city to be used for the 
maintenance and improvement of the park. 

Statuary. 

ATHLETE, also called Dyer Memorial and Falconer. 
(See Fountains.) Rogers Williams Park. 

BURNSIDE, GEN. AMBROSE E. Equestrian statue 
by Launt Thompson. Cost about $35,000. Erected 
partly bv the State and partly by subscription, 1887. 
City Hall Park. 

CAESAR AUGUSTUS, front campus of Brown Univer- 
sity. Copy of one of the so called Achillean statues which 
aimed at combining in one form the characteristics of an 
emperor and a god. Roman period 146 B. C. to 14 A. D. 

COLUMBUS, Columbus Park, designed by Bartholdi. 
Erected by a local club and by subscription, 1894. Replica 
of silver statue cast bj'^ Gorham Mfg. Co. and exhibited 
at Columbian Exposition. 

DEMING MEMORIAL, by Couper. Roger Williams 
Park. 

DEXTER, EBENEZER KNIGHT, philanthropist. 
Designed lyy Hippolyte Hubert. Erected by Ilenrv C. 
Clarke, 1894 in honor of Ebenezer Knight Dexter (b 1773) 
"who gave his property for the benefit of the public and 
the homeless." Another inscription is, "Leaving 
nothing but a headstone to mark our passage through life 
does not make the world better. They live best who 
serve humanity the most." 

DOYLE, THOMAS A. Cathedral Square, heroic size 
statue designed by Henry Hudson Kitson. Erected by 
subscription, 1889. In memory of Thomas A. Doyle, for 
18 years Mayor of Providence; a man who in his day did 
more than any other to broaden and strengthen the com- 
mercial interests of the community. 

FALCONER OR DYER MEMORIAL. Roger Wil- 
liams Park. (See Fountains.) 

FERDINAND II. King of the Two Sicilies, a badly 
corroded bust of the tiicky, despotic Bourbon, nicknamed 
King Bomba because he called upon his soldiers to 
bombard the pcopl!-- during an insurrection. As soon as 
Garibaldi came into power, the people destroyed the 
portrait statues of the Bourbons, tliis white marble bust 
being buried imder its column in the garden of the Villa 
Reale, .NTaples. Brought to .Vmerica by Albert Dailey 
and presented to Roger Williams Park in 1881. 

FRANKLIN, BENJAMIN, by Richard Greenough. 
In niche of facade of Franklin Lyceum Building. Dedi- 
cated 1858. First pul)lic statue in Providence. Replica 
of the statue erected 1855 in front of City Hall, Boston. 

"GENIUS OF RELIGIOUS LIBERTY" or "IN- 
DEPENDENT MAN". Colossal bronze statue on dome 
of State House, designed by Brewster. 

GLADIATOR. Copy of original Greek. Given by 
William Wilkinson to Roger Williams Park. 

HEBE. Cup Bearer. After Thorwaldsen. Natural 
History Museum, Rogers Williams Park. 

HOPKINS, ADMIRAL ESEK. "Commander-in- 
chief of the Continental Navy during the American 
Revolution from December 22, 1775 to January 2, 1778. 
Born 1718. Died 1802." Given by Harriet U. H. 
Coggeshall; designed by Theo A. R. Kitson. to mark 
the Admiral's grave in Hopkins Park, corner Charles 
Street and Branch Avenue. Take Branch Avenue car. 

29 



INDIAN AND PURITAN. Over Dorrance Street 
entrance of I^nion Trust Building, by Daniel French. (See 
Union Trust Building.) 

LYMAN MEMORIAL. By Theo A. R. Kitson. 
"Erected in memory of the soldiers and sailors enlisting 
from the Town of North Providence who fell or died in the 
Civil War. Given by Daniel Wanton Lyman." The 
bronze figure of a soldier stands on a huge boulder at the 
junction of Fruit Hill and Olney avenues in a most 
picturesque location, overlooking the fertile valley of 
the Woonasquatucket with Centredale in the distance. 
Take Centredale car via Smith Street and get out at Fruit 
Hill Avenue and walk two blocks. 

PANCRATIAST OR BOXER. Purely Greek origin, 
iiuist be classed among the finest nuisterpieces ever brought 
to light from the Roman soil. Discovered 1885 imbedded 
in the wall of the ancient Temple of the Sun, having been 
carefully buried in sifted sand to save it from being des- 
troyed. It was probably one of the numerous statues or- 
namenting the famous baths of the Emperor Constantine. 
Magnificent specimen of semi-barbaric athlete exhausted 
by the numerous blows received, the traces of which are 
visible all over his body. The Pancratiast is nearly 
life size of a peculiar green bronze. I^pon the pedestal 
is the inscription ' ' Presented to the City of Providence 
by Paul Bajnotti of Turin, Italy, September 25, 1900." 
Roger Williams Park. 

ROMULUS, REMUS AND THE WOLF. Given by 
Mrs. R. H. I. Goddard. Natural History Museum, Roger 
Williams Park. 

SOLDIERS AND SAILORS MONI^MENT. Exchange 
Place, by Randolph Rogers. Erected by the State 1871. 
Statue of America, 10 feet high on pedestal 32 feet above 
ground. Symbolical figures below. Good of its kind. 
Cost about $85,000. 

UNION SOLDIER. Soldiers Grove, by Friedrich Kohl- 
hagen. Replica of statue on the Gettysburg battlefield. 
Roger Williams Park. 

VLTLCAN. Front of Goi'ham Works, designed by Rag- 
gie of IviA'erpool. 

WAYLAND, PROF. Bust on Wajdand Building, 128 
North Main Street. By George O. Annable. 

WILLIAMS FAMILY monument in cemetery, Roger 
Williams Park. 

WILLIAMS, ROGER. Granite bust on a second 
story pediment, above main entrance to City Hall. 
Proliably designed by the architect,'^Samuel J. F. Thayer 
of Boston. 

Tablets. 
BOARD OF TRADE (See Old Market Building.) 
FRENCH ATJJES. Corner Summit Avenue and 
Brewster Street. "On this ground, between Hope Street 
and North Main Street, and North of Rochambeau 
Avenue, the French troo|)s conunanded by Count Rocham- 
beau, were encam]icd in 1 781 on their march from Newport 
to Yorktown, and in 1782 on their march from Yorktown 
to Boston, where they embarked for France." Their 
tents Avere made as halntable as possible and they were 
proA'ided with pits which served as cellars for the storage 
of provisions, etc. These depressions in the earth still 
remain to indicate many of these cellars. 

FRENCH ME;M0RIAL. (North Burial Ground.) Over 
the graves of 100 French soldiers who came to this country 
\Aith Rochambeau and died during the encampment in 
Providence 1780 to 1782. "Our French Allies in the 
Revolution." "La Gratitude de Rhode Island." 

30 



The'GREAT GALE of 1815 caused a loss of at least 
$1,000,000, one-fourth of the taxal)le valuation of the 
touu of 12,000 mhabitants. (Seepainting in Historical 
Society). On the corner post of the building occupied 
by a drug store, corner Westminster Street and Washing- 
ton PlOw is a brass plate with the following inscription : 
"Height of water in the Great Gale of September 23rd, 
1815." 

OLD MARKET BUILDING. A tablet on the west 
end of this building bears the following inscription: 
"Near this spot the men and women of Pro^ddenco 
showed their resistence to Unjust Taxation by Burning 
British Taxed Tea in the Night of March 2, 1 775. Erected 
by the Rhode Island Societies of the Sons of the American 
Revolution and the Daughters of the American P^evolu- 
tion, 1891." 

ROGER WILLIAMS HOUSE. At northeast corner 
of North Main and Howland Streets. A tablet on the 
front of the building, above second story states, "A few 
rods east of this spot stood the house of Roger Williams, 
founder of Providence, 1636. 

ROGER WILLIAMS HOUSE. Seekonk. Site on 
Roger V/illiams Avenue near Omega Pond. Where 
Roger Williams spent the winter after fleeing from 
Massachusetts. 

ROGER W^ILLIAMS ROCK, also called Slate Rock 
and What Cheer Rock is located in the square bounded 
by Williams, Power, Gano and Rogers Streets. 

ROGER WILLIAMS SPRING. At northwest corner 
of North Main Street, No. 244 and Alamo I>ane, a tablet 
states, ' ' Under this house still flows the Roger ^\'illiams 
Spring. ' ' 

UNIVERSITY HALL. The Rhode Island Society 
of the Sons of the American Revolution commemorates 
by this tablet the occupation of this building by the 
patriot forces and their French Allies during the Revolu- 
tionary War. For six years all academic exercises in this 
university were suspended. Faculty, students and 
graduates ahnost to a man were engaged in the service 
of their country. May all who read this inscription 
be stimulated by their example to respond as loyally to 
their country's call. "Dulce et decorum est pro patria 
mori. ' ' 

MUSEUMS. 

ANNMARY BROWN ^lEMORIAL. Open Tuesdays, 
Wednesdays and Thursdays, from 10 a. m. to 4 p. m. 
A treasure house of art containing 100 paintings by 
eminent masters of all countries and a collection of 
early printing and wood engraving superior to any 
similar- collection in America. Erected by Gen. Rush 
C. Ha,wkins of New ^'ork as a memorial to his wife Ann- 
mary Brown Hawkins. 

Personal and Family Relics. 

Books, china, wedding "setting-out," portraits, relics 
of the Civil War in which Gen. Hawkins served as Colonel 
of the first regiment of Zouaves, and articles of wearing 
apparel, — a graphic lesson in the garbs and crafts of a 
century and a half. 

First Books and Engravings. 

"Gen. Hawkins limited the subject of printing to First 
Presses and First Books, a field almost hopeless to glean 
from at the present day. Europe has been scoured, the 
remotest places ransacked and only at rare and long 
intervals are the desired volumes found. The necessarily 
keen competition of European libraries has forced values 

31 



so liigh that it is only the richest of collectors who can 
afford to purchase. No pul)lic hhrary or private collection 
in America can ecjual it, and those in Europe lack n^.any 
rarities that are shown in the cases of the Annraary 
lirown Memorial." 530 volumes are shown, going back 
to the so called block book, printed by nteans of engraving 
on wood, before Guteriberg in\'ented movable type in 
1410. 

Modern Masters. 

Among the 29 paintings in this room are fine examples 
by Gari Melchers, Eastman Johnson, John Trumbull, 
(Portrait of 'Washington) Edwin Lord Weeks. 

Old Masters. 

A superb collection of 40 paintings including Rem- 
brandt's Portrait of a Young Man, Van Dyke's Duke of 
Richmond, called by Sidney Colvin the finest Yan Dyke 
in England, a portrait by Holbein, and five examples by 
Angelica Kauffman, Guido Reni, David Teniers, Jacob 
Jordaens. 

BROWN UNIVERSITY contains the following 
Museums : 

Corporation and Faculty Room. Hung here tem- 
porarily are 14 paintings by Frank O. Small, illustrative 
of scenes in American Colonial History. Given to Brown 
University by Samuel M. Conant. 

Manning Hall. Plaster casts chiefly from works of 
classical scidptures and pictures by old masters of the 
Italian and North European schools. Upstairs are 
Walter Brown's paintings of the Acropolis. Open 
\A'odnesdays, 3 to 5 p. m. Saturdays, 10 to 12 a. na. 

Maxcy Hall. Herbarium in l:)asement. 80,000 speci- 
mens from all parts of the world but mainly from America. 

Sayles Hall. Richest and most extensive collection of 
portraits in the State and several department libraries. 

HISTORICAL SOCIETY. (See R. I. Historical Society.) 

NATURAL HISTORY MUSEUM. Roger WiJhams 
Park. Building cost $40,000. Contents insured for 
about $25,000. Only public natural history museum 
in the State; only municipal museum in New England. 
Best Indian relic collection in the State. Charles Gorton 
collection of Indian relics complete so far as Rhode Island 
is concerned. James Angus collection of North Ameri- 
can Indian relics. James Angus collection of agates 
finest in the world. Southwick and Caroline Richmond 
shells. Finest individual collection of birds in New 
England. The museum is open to the public every day 
in the year at 10 a. m. except Sunday and holidays at 1.30 
p. m., closing at 5 p. m. C. .\bbott Davis, Curator. 

PENDLETON HOUSE. (Benefit Street. Entrance 
through School of Design, Waterman Street) contains 
a wonderful collection of antique mahogany, rugs mirrors, 
liorcelains, china and sih'er brought together by the late 
Charles Leonard Pendleton and presented by him to the 
Rhode Island School of Design. The house was given by 
Stephen O. Metcalf in accordance with the stipulation of 
the connoisseur that a tj'pical Colonial house be erected 
to hold his treasures. It is pure Georgian and a fine 
example of the simplicity and good taste of that period. 
The place is imique in that house and furniture are in 
perfect harmony, gi^'ing not the impression of a nmseum 
and collection, but the private mansion of a gentleman 
of taste and wealth who lived in the ISth century and 
furnished his house with the best examples of the cabinet 
makers of that period. .-Mso, in accordance with a 
promise made to Mr. Pendleton just before his death, 160 
copies of a superbly compiled catalogue have been printed 
containing a history of the collection and embellished 

32 



with many reproductions of the pieces and their detail. 
This book, in itself a work of art, costs $150 a copy. 

Mr. Pendleton was known on both sides of the Atlantic 
as a connoisseur in things antique. His collection is world 
famous, each piece by an artist or artisan of the first class. 
"It covers the century between 1690 to 1790. Lockwood 
divides the furniture of this period into four styles, all of 
which, with the exception of the Classic Revival under 
the brothers Adam, ai'e represented in the Pendleton 
Collection. The Dutch style, called also Queen Anne and 
Georgian, Mr. Lockwood places in the first quarter of the 
18th century. The Chippendale style which blends with 
the Dutch in outline and decoration is assigned to the 
middle of the ISth century, and the Hepplewhite and 
Sheraton styles come together in the last quarter of the 
18th century. The collection is strong in American 
pieces as Mr. Pendleton, through the long years in which 
he was engaged in collecting, had the primary object of ob- 
taining the best American pieces extant. ' ' 

Not only are the pieces rare and beautiful, but many of 
them possess charmin<r associations of history and romance. 
The portrait of Louis XVI, in a carved gilt frame was 
brought by Joseph Bonaparte, King of Spain, to Rorden- 
town, N. J., after his dethronement. I^ockwood agrees 
with Mr. Pendleton's statement that the salt glaze china 
and Whieldon pottery is of an exceptionally high oi-der 
and probably not excelled even in the Brisith Museum. 
Mr. Pendleton once said that not a specimen of J'aille 
Rose, of which he possessed eighty pieces, was then on 
sale in the world. The suite of six chairs and settee in 
the hall and library, perhaps the work of the unrivalled 
wood carver Grinling Gibbons (1648 to 1720) is upholster- 
ed in 16th century Spanish velvet which was originally a 
priest's vestment. This suite is unique in that it is the 
only one of its kind in existence and Mr. Pendleton prized 
it more highly than any of his treasures. He made several 
unsuccessful attempts to obtain the two missing pieces from 
this set which are owned, one by George S. Palmer of 
Connecticut and the other by Sir John Soane's Museum, 
London. 

The dining room is the one room in the house entirely 
given over to the slender graceful style of Hepplewhite 
and Sheraton. The dining table is Hepplewhite and 
the breakfast table is Sheraton at his best. Upstairs, 
the bedrooms are furnished throughout with the finest 
specimens of old mahogany, each with its four poster, 
lady's dressing table, highboy and chairs to correspond. 
In the northeast bedroom is a notable bedstead of the 
Chippendale period, the elaborate headboard carved in 
falling water design and copied from Chippendale's 
"Director." 

Open to the public from 2 until 5 o'clock daily with the 
exception of Christmas, Thanksgiving and Fourth of 
July. -Monday, Wednesday, Friday, 25 cents. Tuesday, 
Thursday, Satiu'day and Sunday, free. Catalogue 10 cents. 
Number of visitors during the past year was 60,941. 

R. I. HISTORIC.\I; SOCIETY, Established 1822. 
State's best collection of history and genealogy. Among 
the many curious and valuable books the purchase of which 
would to-day require a small fortune, are Capt. John 
Smith's "Description of New England" Eliot's "Indian 
Bible," and nearlj^ all of Roger Williams scarce works. 

All these rarities are now placed title-page upwards 
in a locked glass case in the museum. Opposite the front 
entrance hangs the drop curtain of the old Providence 
Theatre probably the largest landscape painting in the 
State. It is a panoramic view of the East Side of Provi- 
dence, painted 1809. 

A most realistic painting is the picture of the great 
September gale of 1815, when the Great Bridge was SAvept 
33 



away and large vessels were driven far up the cove, 
where the Union Station now stands. 

A painting of the town as it appeared in 179S, probably 
the oldest existing view, and a graphic "Destruction of 
the Gaspee" adorn the lower walls of the callery. Daniel 
Webster said in regard to his portrait that it was the best 
ever painted of him. The State of (Connecticut tried to 
buy the portrait of Harriet Beecher Stowe. The museum 
itself on the third floor is a veritable treasure house of 
curiosities and would easily repay an hour's visit. An 
interesting relic is the famous "Roger \\ ilhams apple tree 
root." When Williams's grave was opened in LSOO, it 
was found that the root of an adjacent apple tree had 
pushed its way in at the skull, followed the direction of 
the spinal column to the hips, and thence divided into 
two branches, following each leg to the heel, turning 
upwards to the extremities of the toes. The crooks in 
the root at the knee joint and thigh are perfectly formed, 
thus giving it an almost ghastly naturalness. 

Among the curios are King Philip's bead belt, a pair 
of rubbers which once belonged to Lafayette, the jacket 
which Commodore Perry wore during his victory on Lake 
Erie, not an elegant gold-laced affair but simply a sailor's 
home made blue jacket of tough cotton cloth. Dorr War 
and and Civil War relics, and household utensils of our 
forefathers. Open week days 9 a. m. to 4 p. m. During 
August 10 a. m. to 1 p. m. 

RHODE LSLAND SCHOOL OF DESIGN, 11 Water- 
man Street, (See also Schools). The nuiseum consists of 
eight galleries, three of which contain oil and water-color 
paintings and engravings; two contain a large collection 
of casts of the masterpieces of classic and Renaissance 
sculpture; one contains a fine collection of autotypes il- 
lustrating the history of painting; one is devoted to col- 
lections of Japanese pottery, metal ^\'ork, lacquer, and 
textiles; one contains a representative collection of 
peasant pottery from many countries; the Colonial House 
built by Stephen O. Metcalf, Esq., forms the continuation 
of these galleries and contains the Pendleton Collection 
of antique furniture, pottery, textiles and paintings. 
In addition to the perinanent collection in the .Museum, 
many loan exhibitions are shown in the galleries each 
year, which give the people of Providence an opportunity 
to see representative collections of paintings by the 
greatest American and foreign artists. There are also 
from time to time exhibitions in the industrial arts of 
met.al work and jewelery, of mediaeval and modern 
textiles and embroideries, of Japanese stencils and prints, 
of bookplates and po.sters, of pottery and of carvings. 
From the annual exhibitions by American artists, the 
following paintings have been purchased with the interest 
of the Jesse Metcalf Fund and with the subscriptions of 
friends, and added to the collection in the Museum. 
1901— Winslow Homer, "On a Lee Shore." 
1902 — George Hitchcock, "Tulips and Hyacinths." 
WiUiam M. Chase, "Still Life." 
R. Swain Gifford, "Headwaters of the Westport 
River." 
1903 — J. Alden Weir, "Interior with Figure." 
Childe Hassani, "Messenger Boy." 
Marv Cassatt, "Mother and Two Children." 
1904— John W. Alexander, "The Blue Bowl." 
1905— Frank W. Benson, "The Black Hat." 
1906— Eugene Vail, "La Salute, Venice." 
1907 — John Singleton Copley. "Portrait of Governor 
Moses Gill," Portrait of Mrs. Rebecca (Boylston) 
Gill," "Portraitof Mrs. Sarah (Prince) Gill." 
In the picture gallery can be seen paintings by Ren- 
naissance Italian and Dutch masters; the work of the 

34 



"Ten Atnerican Painters" including Benson, Chase, 
De Camp, Childe Hassani, Metcalf, R,eid, Simmons, 
Tarbell and Weir; portraits by Shannon, Alexander and 
Chase, and landscapes by the Barbizon School. 

Sculpture Gallery. The collection of originals, casts 
and photographs of Greek and Roman sculpture has been 
arranged with the hope that students could gain from it 
some knowledge of the growth and decline oi' classic art. 
Catalogue, 15 cents. 

The library possesses many rare and unusual volumes, 
and a collection of magazines and photographs to which 
additions are constantly being made. 

Museum open to the public every day except Thanks- 
giving Day, Christmas and Fourth of July. July 1 to 
September 15, l.to 5 week days; 2 to 5 Sundays. Septem- 
ber 15 to July 1, 10 a. m. to 5 p. m. week days; 2 to 5 p. m. 
Sundays. Twenty five cents admission Mondays, Wednes- 
days and Fridays; Free Tuesdays, Thursdays, Saturdays 
and Sundays. 

MUSIC. 

Pro\'idence people enjoy an exceptional opportunity 
of hearing the great artists of the country at pojjular 
prices. According to the American Musical Directory, 
Providence is credited with more musical organizations 
than any city of its size in the United States. The 
following engage professional artists, and are among the 
best known. 

APOLLO CLUB, Irving Irons. Butler Exchange. 
Organized 1906. 30 members. Gives two concerts a 
year; open for other engagements. 

ARION CLUB. Organized 1880. Conductor Jules 
Jordan. Mixed chorus. 250 members. Meets once a 
week from October first to April first in Y. M. C. A. Hall. 
Three subscription concerts are given each year, generally 
with distinguished soloists. 

CHAMINADE CLUB, organized about 1895; 25 mem- 
bers, women; meet fortnightly at private houses. One 
public concert each year. 

CHOPIN CLUB, organized 1879 for the study of 
instrumental classical music. 15 members, women. 
Annual recitals and midwinter musicale at which profes- 
sionals give their services. 

EINKLANG SINGING SOCIETY, founded 1890. 
President and Musical Director, Gustav Saacke. Re- 
hearsals once a week at German Hall, 155 Niagara Street. 
35 members, men. Gives one concert annually. 

PROVIDENCE CHORAL ASSOCIATION, (ex- 
People's Choral Ass'n of Providence). Organized 1904. 
Members on books, 453; active members 85; mixed. 
Three concerts a year. Rehearsals once a week, in 
Franklin Lyceum Building, 96 Westminster Street. 
Director, Dr. Arthur T. de Guichard. 

PROVIDENCE MUSICAL ASSOCIATION, through 
whose efforts the greatest artists in the country are brought 
to Providence. Organized 1904. 50 associate members. 

VERDANDI SWEDISH SINGING SOCIETY. Meet 
once a week at Verdandi Hall, 98 Weybosset Street. 
President, J. L. Osterman; Musical Director, Oscar Eke- 
berg. 28 active members, 40 passive social members; 
men. Founded 1895. No given number of concerts as 
it is more for their own pleasure and advancement, 
although they sing often in prominent places. 

35 



PARKS, SQUARES AND PLAYGROUNDS. 

Providence started with a gk>ri()us legacy of river and 
hill and bay. Already provided with scattered parks 
of much and \'aried interest, it now jilans to unite these 
by a comprehensive Metropolitan Park System. Country 
clubs and boat clubs, amusement parks and popular 
resorts exist in unusual number; and among the institu- 
tions whose extensive grounds are open to the public are 
the Rhode Island Hospital, Butler Hospital, (with river 
road and commanding bluffs overlooking the Seekonk), 
Moses Brown School, State Home and School and City 
Hospital. 

ADMIRAL HOPKINS RESIDENCE. Admiral Street, 
near Charles. Mansion built about 1750. Estate, includ- 
ing over two acres of land, donated 1907 by Mrs. Elizabeth 
Gould of Boston, a descendant of Admiral Esek Hopkins, 
to the City of Providence for park purposes; other ad- 
joining land to be bought by the City, for children's 
playgrounds includes large part of original farm and 
orchard. House in present custody of Park Commis- 
sioners. Two rooms at least will contain original furniture. 
Admiral Hopkins was the first Commander-in-Chief of 
the American Navy. 

BLACKSTONE BOULEVARD. Extends from Butler 
Avenue at Blackstone Park north to Hope Street at City 
line. Bordered by Butler Hospital and Swan Point 
Cemetery grounds about one mile on eastern side. Length 
about 1| miles, width 200 feet, center space laid out i)y 
Olmsted Bros. 

BLACKSTONE PARK. On the Seekonk River (Um.), 
long and narrow tract of territory, picturesque ravine 
and native luxuriant foliage but no artificial attractions. 
About 41 acres in extent. East of Butler Avenue near 
Irving Avenue. Take Butler Avenue, or Red Bridge car. 
CATHEDRAL SQUARE. Intersection of Westmin- 
ster and Weybosset Streets at Fenner and Jackson Streets. 
CITY HALIi PARK. Exchange Place, Gardens, Carrie 
Brown Memorial Fountain, equestrian statue of General 
Burnside. 2h acres. (See Civic Centre.) 

CRAWFORD SQUARE, at Crawford Street Bridge. 
Head of navigation. Providence River. 

DAVIS PARK. Between Chalkstone A\enue and Val- 
ley Street. (1^ m). About 45 acres. Beautiful old 
estate of late Thomas Davis; historic mansion, pulilic open 
air gymnasium, ball ground, etc. A\'ell diversified with 
glen, groves and open lawns. 

DEXTER TRAINING GROUND. Between Dexter, 
Parade and Cranston Streets. A grassy common, nine 
acres in extent, given to the city by Ebenezer Knight 
Dexter for training of military companies. Now used as 
a place of recreation. Statue of Dexter; seats and trees. 
New State Armory at south side on Cranston Street. 

EXCHANGE PLACE, the first realization of modern 
civic centre idea in America. A long rectangular plaza 
soon to be adorned with a mall, past ^^hich most of the 
trolley lines will pass. City Hall Park separates it from 
the Union Station. Post Office and Central Fire Station 
at east end, City Hall at west. Important business 
buildings along south side. Soldiers and Sailors monu- 
ment in centre. 

FORT INDEPENDENCE PARK, fields Point, west 
of Aliens Avemie, 37 acres. Contains a promontory 
extending far out into the river. The view of the bay 
from this point is ullri^•alled. Take steamer froin 136 
Dyer Street, or Eddy Street car line. (See Historic 
Places). 

36 



HAYWARD PARK. Between Beacon Avenue, Friend- 
ship, Plain and Maple Streets. About three acres. 
Fountain given by Mayor William S. Hayward. 

MARKET SQUARE AND WEYBOSSET BRIDGE, 
at lower end of Westminster Street. Old buildings around 
east side of Market Square are interesting for quaint 
architecture. Site of old fording place and later Colonial 
drawbridge. 

METCALF BOTANICAL GARDEN. Morris Avenue 
and Cypress Street. About 15.3 acies. Presented to 
Brown Uni\'ersity for purpose of an Aiboretum. Not 
extensively improved, but contains specimens of very 
many kinds of trees. 

NEUTACONKANUT PARK. Head of Plainfield 
Street, 40 acres in extent. "One standing on this 
eminence is reminded of the prospects from Heidelberg, 
Richmond Hill, Windsor, Belvoir or Sterling Castle." 
Augustine Jones. It looks down on the dwelling places 
of nearly 500,000 people. The combination of "Ye 
Greate Hill of Notaquonchanet on the North West," as 
it is called in the original deed of Providence Plan- 
tations which the Indians gave to Roger Williams, with 
the broad marshy valley of the Pocasset River, is beau- 
tiful and striking. From the ruged southern summit, near 
the great boulder a magnificent view extends over the 
valleys of Cranston and Warwick, past Potowomut and 
through the West Passage of Narragansett Bay toward 
the sea. To the east is Fall RiA-er on its distant hill, and 
nearer, the spires of Bristol and Warren. In the fore- 
ground the Pocasset River, bending around Antashantuck 
Neck, encloses Dyer's Nursery and Pocasset Cemetery. 
Take Plainfield cars via Westminster Street. 

PLEASANT VALLEY PARKWAY. Extends froni 
I*romenade Street to Academy Avenue passing Davis 
Park and crossing Chalkstone and River Avenues. About 
1^ miles in length, ^•ery diversified in scenery and contour. 

POST OFFICE SQUARE. East of new post office. 
Has recently Ijeen created by bridging o^'er the water at 
head of Providence River, just below junction of the two 
small rivers, Moshassuck and Woonasquatucket. 

PROSPECT TERRACE. Congdon Street, opposite 
Cushing. 100 by 120 feet. No l)etter view of the city 
can anywhere be had than from this little park, and no 
cooler spot can be found so near the centre of the city 
on a summer evening. (15 minutes walk from Market 
Square, or take Brown Street car). 

PUBLIC GARDENS. Francis, Gaspee and Stillman 
Streets. Extend from Union Station to State Flouse 
and Normal School. (See Civic Centre). 

ROGER WILLIAMS PARK'. Part of the original gift 
of Miantonomi to Roger Williams. Is one of the finest 
city parks in this country. It comprises 432 acres of 
stately forest, rolling hills and beautiful lakes, and about 
nine miles of drives and boulevards annually visited by 
hundreds of thousands of people and surrounded by 
populous districts. In 1871, when Betsey Williams 
bequeathed to the city her ancestral farm, there was 
opposition to the acceptance of a park "so far out in 
the ■» ilderness. ' ' Much natural beauty remains and 
much has been sacrificed to artificial ideas of development, 
as instanced in the stiff outline of several lakes and the 
wholesale destruction of natural shrubbery. The chain 
of natural lakes covers 140 acres and extends into so many 
bays and inlets that it makes a shore line of seven or 
eight miles. There is a splendid Colonial casino with 
a cafe and assembly hall, and a Natural History Museum 
which is visited by 100,000 persons yeai'ly. (See Museums.) 

37 



^.The entrance gates are a memorial to Anna H. Man. 
'riieJ)oat,house, named for and dedicated to the late Clark 
Dalrymple, who provided in his will for its erection, is 
of the Chester style of architecture. 

H**«The Williams family burying ground is near one of the 
Elmwood Avenue entrances. Here is buried Joseph, 
son of Roger Williams, and his dwelling house near by, 
was demolisded within recent years, to furnish a site for 
modern dwellings. Betsy Williams Cottage, formerly 
the old red school house, later the dwelling of Betsy 
Williams, and now a resting place for women and children 
was Iniilt in 1773. It contains many antique articles of 
historic interest. Open week days, 9 a. m. to 5 p. m. 
Sundays in the afternoon. A speedway, one half mile in 
length, near Broad Street entrance is being constructed. 
The lakes are well stocked with ornamental water fowl, 
and there is a deer park, and a large flock of Southdown 
sheep. 

For the anmsement of children there are playgrounds 
and a carousel and many pony outfits. In the 
winter, throngs of skaters hasten to the park and it is 
not unusual to see 10,000 people upon the ice. But 
Roger Williams Park is at its best upon a moonlight 
summer night, when the hot city has poured out its 
throngs by trolley car and auto and bicycle, or by the 
humbler vehicle of "shanks mare." From the gaily 
lighted platform in the lake, the music of the American 
Band floats over the waters. High among the trees is the 
terrace of the casino; around the bandstand are flitting 
dozens of rowboats and canoes, and on all the surround- 
ing, hillsides are happy parties hushed to a decorous 
silence by the music. Red and green lights from tiny 
launches dance upon the water, and over on the opposite 
boulevard are immense tangles of motor cars with staring 
bright eyes. It is all very entrancing and a celebjated 
writer once wrote that he had not supposed there was 
anything quite so poetically exquisite this side of Venice. 
(For Statues in the Park, including Athlete, Den)ing 
Memorial, Falconer, Ferdinand II, Gladiator, Hebe, 
Pancratiast, Romulus and Remus, Union Soldier, Roger 
Williams Monument, Willianjs Family Monument, See 
Memorials.) 

ROGER WILLIAMS SQUARE. Gano, Power and 
^^'illiams Streets, 200 square feet. This spot is one of the 
richest in historical importance. (See Memorials.) 

TOCKWOTTEN PARK. Between Wickenden, What 
Cheer, Tockwotten and East Streets. Two acres. So 
sitiuited as to receive cooling breezes from the bay. 
Contains playground apparatus and seats. 

TURK'S HEAD, junction Westminster and 'Weybosset 
Streets at Exchange Street, so called from ancient effigy 
of oriental potentate that was formerly displayed there. 

WASHINGTON PARK. Between Benefit, Tock- 
wotten, Traverse and India streets. One acre. Settees 
under the trees. 

PHILANTHROPHY AND CHARITY. 

ASSOCIATED CH.VRITIES. (See Providence Society 
for Organizing Charity). 

BETHANY HOME OF R. I. Ill South Angell Street. 
Founded 1892. A temporary home for women, not 
otherwise provided for between the ages of IS and 65 
years, who are natives of the U. S. and \\ho have been 
residents of Rhode Island for at least two years. Secular. 
Accommodates more tlian thirt}'. 

DEXTER ASYLUM. Hope Street opposite Bowen. 
Founded 1828. Almshouse of the city. Secular. More 

38 



than 100 beneficiarips. Ebeuozer Knight Dexter (Pee 
Memorials) died in 1S24 leavine; to the town of Providence 
40 acres of land and $60,000 to establish a home for poor 
men. Oldest charitable institution in the city and 
remarkable in lieinc; the only great public benefaction 
in the world that is almost self-sustaining. Its well 
cultivated lands, once in the country, are in the heart 
of what is now the fashionable East Side, and are sur- 
rounded by a stone wall eight feet high and three feet 
thick according to the conditions of the bequest. From 
here, ^•egetables and fruit, always the best quality, are 
sent to home. New York and other maikets. 

HOME FOR AGED MEN. S07 Broad Street. Founded 
1874. A home for respectable men of American parent- 
age who have met \^'ith reverses. 45 beneficiaries. 

HOME FOR AGED WOMEN. 181 Tockwotten Street, 
overlooking the harbor and bay. Founded 1856. A 
home for the poor, aged and respectalile women of Provi- 
dence. Non-sectarian. Accommodates 40. 

KING'S DAUGHTERS AND SONS. R. I. Branch of 
International order. Founded 1895. Engages in fresh 
air work; maintains the Emily S. Chace Memorial Home. 
Oakland Beach, R. I. Open during July and August, 
Receives 150 women and children in groups of 30 oi- 40 
for a two w^eeks outing. 

LEAGUE FOR THE SUPPRESSION OF TUBER- 
CULOSIS (Committee of the Providence Society for 
Organizing Charity). Its purpose is to take care of all 
cases of tuberculosis in the city, not otherwise provided 
for, and to supply food, clothing and material assistance 
where necessary. It employs three nurses who spend 
all their time Adsiting in families wJiere there is tuber- 
culosis. 400 cases a year. 

MONTIFIORE. Ladies' Hebrew Benevolent Ass'n. 
881 Westminster Street. Founded 1878. Secular. 30 
beneficiaries. 

NEEDLEWORK GUILD OF AMERICA. The Provi- 
dence branch founded 1893. No permanent office. 
Object to collect and distribute new, plain, suitable 
garments, or articles of hotjsehold linen to meet the great 
need of hospitals, homes and other charities. No regard 
paid to race, color, creed or religion. One collection 
and distribution each year. The annual contribution 
of two or more new articles of wearing apparel, or house- 
hold linen or money constitutes memi)ership. Founded 
in England by Lady Wolverton. Honorary President 
in America, Mrs. Levi P. Morton. 

PRISONER'S AID ASSOCIATION. Sophia Little 
Home, 135 Norwood Avenue, Edgewood. Founded 1872. 
Object to provide a temporary industrial home adapted 
to prepare women released from the penal institutions of 
the S-tate to earn their living; religious and secular; un- 
denominational ; accommodates 25. 

PROVIDENCE ASS'N FOR MINISTRY TO THE 
SICK. No office. Foimded 1880. Provides for the 
bodily and spiritual needs of the sick poor in their homes. 
Undenominational. More than 100 beneficiaries yearly. 
Each ward has its visitors. 

PROVIDENCE BOYS CLUB. 129 Eddy Street. 
Founded 1899. To provide for the care and maintenance, 
mental, moral, physical and social, of boys requiring such 
care, and to that end to provide and maintain a building 
or rooms and to conduct classes and to adopt such other 
nieans as the Board of Directors may from time to time 
deem desirable. Secular. 

PROVIDENCE CHILDREN'S FRIEND SOCIETY. 
23 Tobey Street. Incorporated 1836. A temporary 

39 



home for children, one or both of whose parents are dead 
or incapacitated. Secular. Accommodates 70; both 
sexes are admitted. 

PROVIDENCE DAY NURSERY ASS'N. Grace 
Memorial House, 133 Delaine Street; Hope Day Nursery, 
167 Chestnut Street, founded 1S84 To care for 
and instruct the children of working women. Secular. 
Average daily attendance, 35. 

PROVIDENCE DEACONESS HOME of the Metho- 
dist Episcopal Church, 26 Bridgham Street. Founded 
1S93. A home and school for Christian \\ omen employed or 
to l^e employed in benevolent and charitable work among 
the poor, needy and vicious. 

PROVIDENCE DISTRICT NI'RSING ASS'N. 332 
Butler Exchange. Incorporated 1902. Object to pro\-ide 
trained nurses to visit sick persons deprived of proper 
care; to give these patients such attention as is impera- 
tively needed and to instruct members of the household 
in the simple rules of hygeine. Patients able to pay for 
these services are expected to do so. About 15,000 visits 
annual Iv. 

PROVIDENCE FEMALE CHARITABLE SOCIETY. 
Secretary, Miss Dwight, 66 \\illiams Street. Founded 
1800. To assist Avorthy widows and unmarried women. 
First Directress, Mrs Henry G. Russell. 

PROVIDENCE LYING-IN HOSPITAL (See Hospi- 
tals). 

PROVIDENCE RESCUE HOME AND MISSION. 
43 Beacon ave. Incorporated 1S9G. Object to provide 
a refuge and home for unfortunate women and to main- 
tain or assist undenominational charitable missions. 
1.50 benefi''iaries 

PROVIDENCE SHELTER I OR COLORED CHIL- 
DREN, 20 Olive Street. (Brown Street car"). Founded 
1828. For orphans or those exposed to evil influence. 
Average number of beneficiaries 20. These children 
attend the First Baptist Meeting House and the public 
schools. 

PROVIDENCE SOCIETY FOR ORGANIZING 
CHARITY, .332 Butler Exchange, Westminster Street. 
Founded 1892. To secure harmonious action of different 
charities of Pro^'idence, to pievent begging, and imposi- 
tion, to aid the poor to help themselves. Every appli- 
cant for aid investigated. Corps of friendly visitors 
whose duty it is to see and know the poor in their homes 
and l:)y means of personal influence to improve their 
conditions. Aim to make people better and happier 
where they are and with the resources which they have. 
About 800 beneficiaries. James Minnick, Secretnry. 
(See also League for the Suppression of Tuberculosis.) 

RANDALL SQUARE GOSPEL MISSION, 57 Chalk- 
stone Avenue. Olfice Gorham Mfg. Co. Wm. G. 
Lawton. Founded 1895. Provides food, clothes and 
shelter for the deserving poor. Outdoor work and daily 
religious services. 25 to 50 beneficiaries a week. 

R. T. CATHOLIC ORPHAN ASYLUM, 473 Prairie 
Avenue. Founded 1851. Governed by the Bishop and 
the Sisters of Mercy. 

R. T. EXCHANGE FOR WOMAN'S ^^ ORK, 240 Benefit 
Street. Founded 1880 to provide a place where woman's 
work of every description may be put on sale and where 
orders for the same mav be received. Beneficiaries about 
200. 

R. I. HOSPITAL. (See Hospitals). 

R. I. INSTITUTE FOR THE DEAF, .520 Hope 
Street. Founded 1876. Maintained l)y the State and free 

40 



to all children in the State between the ages of 3 and 20 who 
are mentally capable but unable to be educated in 
regular schools because of defective hearing. Board, 
instruction and industrial training pro\ided. Handsome 
buildings in a fine location. 

R. I. .SOCIETY FOR THE PREVENTION OF 
CRUELTY TO CHILDREN. 20 Market Square. Home 
98 Doyle Avenue. Founded 18S2. Beneficiaries, about 
500 yearly. General child cruelty work with broad inter- 
pretation of the field in favor of the children. 

R. I. WORKING BOY'S HOME. 42 Park Street. 
(Chalkstone Avenue or Smith Street car). Founded 1898. 
To maintain and educate poor homeless boys from 12 to 
18 j'ears of age until they become honorable and self- 
supporting citizens. No restrictions as to race or creed. 
100 boys annually cared for; 40 are permanent boarders, 
the others are helped temporarily. Receives no church. 
State nor City appropriation. Largely dependent upon 
the generosity of the public. Maintains a splendid sum- 
mer home (the Tower Hill House) for the boys in a mag- 
nificent location overlooking Narragansett Bay. William 
J. Wallace, Superintendent. 

SCANDINAVIAN CENTRAL CHARITY ASS'N. 
Holds meetings in parlors of Swedish Episcopal Church, 
Hayward Park. Founded 1899. Renders assistance to 
Scandinavians in distressed circumstances. Secular 
Eight to ten families a year. 

SOPHIA LITTLE HOME (See Prisoner's Aid Assn.) 
SPRAGUE HOUSE ASS'N. 7 Armington Avenue. 
Founded 1887. Object to provide a neighborhood centre 
to supplement social and intellectual opportunities of 
working girls by the organization and maintenance of 
classes, clubs and such other work as may seem adA'isable. 
About 250 members. 

STATE HOME AND SCHOOL FOR DEPENDENT 
AND NEGI;ECTED CHILDREN. Smith Street, Fruit 
Hill (3 miles via Smith Street car). Fine institution with 
grovmds aljout 100 acres in extent. Object to provide 
for luifortunate children not recognized as vicious or 
criminal, such influences as A\ill lead towards an honest, 
intelligent and self supporting manhood and womanhood, 
the State as far as possible, holding toward them the 
parental relation ;" also to provide horriesfor these children. 
Average number about 125. Dr. and Mrs. Risk, Superin- 
tendent and Matron. 

SI". ELIZABETH HOME for women con^'alescent 
or incurably sick. Corner Atlantic Avenue and Melrose 
Street. Founded 1882 under the auspices of Grace 
Clmrch but maintained Isy all the Protestant Episcopal 
churches in the diocese. Religious in so far as the board 
nmst be made up of members of this denomination. 

ST. JOSEPH HOSPITAL. (See Hospitals.) 

ST. MARY'S ORPHANAGE. East Providence. Founded 
1886. Cares for orphaned and luifortunate children of 
all creeds. Industrial work. Boys are foruid homes or sent 
to St. Andrew's Industrial School at nine j'ears of age if 
possible. Girls kept till fourteen or over. Protestant 
Episcopal. Beneficiaries about 60. 

ST. VINCENT DE PAUL INFANT ASYLUM. Regent 
Avenue. Founded 1891. For poor infant children 
orphaned and abandoned under six years of age. The 
institution is quasi public in that the State is represented 
on the board of directors and has made appi'opriations. 
It was built by private donations and is supported by 
voluntary contributions. No discrimination is made as 
to race, color or creed. 

41 



ST. VINCENT DE PAUL SOCIETY, 521 Butler 
Exchange. Founded in Paris 1833; in Providence 1853. 
Object, visiting poor families in their homes, care of the 
children and any good work of charity coming to their 
notice. About 400 families a year. 

UNION FOR CHRISTIAN WORK, 31 Chestnut 
Street. Founded 1868. Object "to afford poorer 
working people the same opportunities for plt-asureable 
and profitalile use of tb.eir leisure tinie that richer people 
ha\e. ' ' Many hundreds of beneficiaries a year. Occupies 
a large, cheerful, well appointed house. 

WOMEN'S (TTY MISSIONARY SOCIETY, 155 
Clifford Street. Founded 1867. To assist the poor in 
efforts to help themselves and to engage in general mis- 
sionary work of a material nature. Bet\\een 150 and 200 
families assisted annually. The Laundry, 155 Clifford 
Street, estal)lished in 1897 gives employment to women 
(75 to 100 each year) who would otherwise be more or 
less objects of charity, and trains unskilled workers to 
become expert launclresses whereby they may supi)ly 
the demand in private families or public laundries. No 
machinery is used, the women being taught to work with 
the same appliances that are used in private houses. 

YOUNG MEN'S CHRISTIAN ASSOCIATION, 519 
Westminster Street, Cathedral Square. Founded 1853. 
Building cost !iifl 75,000. Object the social, mental, 
physical, moral and spiritual development of j'oung men 
and boys. Membership 1700. Good library and well 
equipped gymnasium. 

YOUNG WOMEN'S CHRISTIAN ASSOCIATION, 
corner Washington and Jackson Streets. Founded 
1867. Building' cost $200,000. Working girls can secure 
board at reasonable rates. Home life and social activities, 
educational department and tra\ellers aid. Bilile classes 
and employment bureau. About 1000 helped yearly. 

POPULAR RESORTS. 

Great popular resorts and amusement parks abound. 
The shores of the Bay and the picturescjue nooks along the 
rivers have Furnished the setting for such places as Vanity 
Fair and Rocky Point, Pihodes on- the Pawtuxet and 
many others that cater to great throngs. Some of these 
resorts at times take care of more than 50,000 visitors on a 
single day, and when one considers the nmnber of attrac- 
tions that are always open, particularly in summer, it 
would seem as if all Rhode Island, as well as its neighbors 
from over the Massachusetts borders must spend all their 
days and nights in pursuit of plea.sure. 

BOYDEN HEIGHTS, East Shore. Popular at- 
tractions, dancing, etc. 3^ miles by steamer or trolley. 

CHPJSTNUT GROVE. Dancing and other amuse- 
ments. 

CRESCENl" P.XRK. Popular attractions and con- 
cessions, shore dinners, etc. East Shore. 6 miles by 
steamer or trolley. 

FIELD'S POINT. West Shore. Clambakes, etc. 
2 miles by steamer. 

HUNTS MILLS. Popular amusements, canoes, etc. 
On Ten Mile River, 4 miles by Rumford car. 

KIRWIN'S BATHING BE.\CH. 3 miles via Eddy 
Street car. 

PROVIDENCE BASEBALL GROUNDS. 3 miles 
via Elmwood Avenue cars. 

RHODES ON THE PAWTUNET. Pawtuxet River, 
near Broad Street. Mammoth dance hall, boating, canoe- 
ing, etc. 

42 



ROCKY POINT, splendidly situated on west shore, 
provides dancing, hall games, concerts and popular 
aniusenients. (12 miles, via trolley, 35 to 40 n.inutes, or 
hy steamer, 1 hour.) 

VANITY FAIR- cost $750,000— amusement park, 40 
acres, in beautiful location. East side of bay, 4^ miles via 
Riverside or ^^anity Fair cars; also steaniers and electric 
trains from Fox Point; shore dinners, clambakes, 
"College Inn," Chutes, Public Ball Room, Japanese Tea 
Garden, Fighting the Flatnes, and splendid illuminations. 

Many other places offer dancing and amusements on 
a smaller scale. 

ROGER WILLIAMS. 

(See also History) 

In the valley of the Moshassuck and upon the surround- 
ing hills, for the first time in history, there was set up a 
governnient that had for its basis religious liberty. "There 
came into being a political conmiunity which was an 
anomoly among the nations: a. pure democracy, — 'but 
only in ci\"il tilings' so reads the covenant. Nay more, 
for this 'Rhode Island Idea' as it was derisively called, 
has become the accepted and fundamental maxim of 
American politics, incorporated into the constitution 
of every state. Even Massachusetts has deigned to 
tread the path cleared in the wilderness by her great 
exile, though strange as it seenis, she waited until 1883 
pre working out a complete divorce of Church and State . 

"No one principle of political or social or rehgious 
polity lies nearer the base of American institutions, and 
it may be asserted that the future of America was in 
a large measure deterinined by the General Court which 
sunuuoned Roger Williams to answer for 'divers new 
and dangerous opinions.' His banishment became a 
pivotal act in universal hi.'^tory." 

"Personally, Roger Williams was no ordinary man. 
Of unyielding tenacity of puipose, he grasped clearly a 
principle in all its bearing and could incorporate it in a 
social con)pact. Moreox'CT, he was no crude, vuilearned 
agitator, Iiut a scholar and thinker. On the roll of the 
ancient Charter House in Ijondon will be found his name 
among the first, above those of Addison and Steele, of 
Wesley and Blackstone, of Grote and Thackeray. He 
was an eloquent preacher, an intimate friend of Sir Harry 
Vane, a teacher of Milton. Behold it! The author of 
Paradise Tost sitting at the feet of the author of Soul 
I;iberty! He was by turns rejiorter, preacher, trader, 
farmer, scholar, diplomat, linguist, judge, soldier, man 
of letters. He was a stabvart, even among the intel- 
lectual giants of those early days, when men thought 
great thoughts. He stands alone in American history, 
the only one of his kind, and he l^elongs to Rhode Island. 
Such is her unique glory, Roger Williams and Religious 
Liberty, and this alone were enoueh to immortalize one 
State." 

The pioneer of this great pi-incipal was born about 1603. 
As a student, he attracted the attention of Chief Justice 
Cok<% who became his friend and patron and -^ent him 
to Stitton's Hospital, now the Charter House, a school 
attended by many distinguished Englishmen. When 
Thackeray lectured in Providence, he told us how when a 
Charter House boy he carved his name upon a beani and 
found there the initials R. W. cot by Roger AVilliams 
himself. In 1623, after gaining a prize at this school, 
Williams was admitted to Pembroke College. Cambridge, 
whence he was graduated with honors in 1626. 
Admitted into the English Church, he became chaplain 
in the household of Sir William Masham. Church 

43 



preferment was now open to hiirij but his growing dislike 
of the Anglican liturgy le-l Uini to become a Puritan. ^ 

He married Mary P.ariiard and the couple sailed in the 
ship I;yon for Boston, where he was well received by 
the Puritans as a "godly minister." But finding that 
the Boston Church was supported by the ci\il magistrate, 
Willian^.s protested against it. He also disapproved of 
the control over the indi\idual conscience that the 
Boston church arrogated to itself, and because of his 
boldness in announcing his \'iews, he was forced in 1631, 
after a short pastorate in Salem, to seek refuge with the 
Pilgrims at Plymouth. AN'hile in Plymouth he improved 
every opportunity to cultivate the friendship of the 
Indians and to learn their language. He returned to 
8alem in 1633 and became pastor of the First Church. 
Here in addition to his former teaching he denied 
the validity of title to land under the charter obtained 
from Charles I, claiming that valid title could be obtained 
only from the Indians. 

For these seditious doctrines, the General Court, in 
in 1635, im]50sed n sentence of banishuient and despatched 
Captain John I'nderhill ^^ith a sloop to bring him from 
Salem and to put him on a ship bound for England. 
Recei\iiig friendly warning, Roger Williams set out in 
the night time with two companions to find a haven of 
refuge beyond the jurisdiction of Massachusetts Bay. 
After a perilous walk of SO or 90 miles through the wilder- 
ness, he received hospitable welcome upon the east bank 
of the Seekonk Pi\'ei' anfj took up his abode near the spot 
now marked by a tablet on the shore of Omega Pond. 
Yet he suffered severely and in his old age exclaimed, 
"I bear to this day on my body the efTects of that winter's 
exposure. ' ' 

But his troubles were not yet over. In the spring of 
1636 after acquiring title to the land fro?u the Indian Chief 
Massasoit, he began planting corn, and then, to quote his 
own quaint words, "I received a letter from my ancient 
friend Mr. ^\'inslow, the Governor of Plymouth, professing 
his own and others love and respect foi" me, yet lovingly 
advisirig me, since I was fallen into the edge of their bounds, 
and they were loath to displease the Bay, to remo\e to the 
other side of the water and there he said I had the country 
free before me, and might be as free as theuiselves and 
we should be loving neighbors together." Accordingly, 
with five companions, fellow' founders of Providence, 
he embarked in a canoe and paddling down the Seekonk 
Ri\'er the party were greeted with thu s.alutation "^^'hat 
Cheer Xetop" at Slate Rock. This ejjisode furnishes the 
appropriate design and legend upon the seal of ProAidence. 
Continuing on and rounding Fox Point, they paddled up 
the river, then a great broad estuary of the bay, and landed 
beside a beautiful spring A tablet upon a house front 
near the present St. John's Church and at the corner of 
North Main Street and Alano Lane, now bears the in- 
scription ' ' Under this house still flows the Roger Williams 
Spring." (See page 31). 

Here was fovuidcd the new settlement at Moshassuck 
named Providence by Roger Williams "In grateful 
remembrance of God's merciful providence to n^e in 
my distress." Here in the same year he was joined by 
his wife and their two children. 

The tide then flowed almost to the spring, and Towne 
Street of the new settlement, now North Main Street, 
passed along on the edge of the shore. The "home lots" 
ran from this street over the hill to what is now Hope 
Str'-'et, and on the wall of the house, corner of North Main 
and How land Streets, the State ha? placed a tablet with the 
legend " \ iew rods east of this spot once stood the house 
of Roger \Mlliams." While preparing to place this 

44 



tablet, the Historical Society found buried under the soil 
the fireplace and hearthstone of the founder of the State. 

In this rude wilderness, these men drew up the famous 
compact of .1638. The original still to be seen in the 
City Hall, is certainly the most precious in existence, for 
it was the first compact of government to found a State on 
the new principle announced in the words of Roger Wil- 
liams over the portico of our State House: "To set forth 
a lively experiment that a most flourishing ci\ul State 
may stand and best be maintained with full liberty in 
religious concermnents. " Grasping aggression and set- 
tled ill-will ou the part of Massachusetts and Connecticut 
both of which colonies claimed to the shores of Narragan- 
sett Bay, required prompt and decided action by the 
Rhode Island settlers if they wanted to preserve an in- 
dependent existence. Roger Williams was sent to Eng- 
land to obtain a Parliamentary Patent. His return and 
crossing over the Si^ekonk River forms the subject of the 
large painting on the walls of the Providence County 
Court House. This charter of 1643-4 was the first charter 
under which a purely "civil government" was ever in- 
stituted. It was the sheet anchor of the feeble little 
colony — the bulwark that preserved it from being over- 
whelmed by what the General Assembly of 1659 called 
"our sister colony's anger against us." 

It co\'ered the smallest territory of any charter in the 
land because our fathers who bought their land from the 
Indians were umviUing to r)uarrel with other New England 
colonies about land which the}' .had taken by conquest from 
the Indians. In a magnaniiiious spirit of conciliation and 
peace this charter was sought only for lands "judged 
vacant on all hands." Its procurement was noteworthy; 
its modesty, conspicuous; its character, unique. The 
charter of 1663, under which Rhode Island lived for 180 
years, was practically only confirmatory of that of 1643-4. 

Between the years 16-54 and 1670 Roger Williams was 
many times assistant and ))resident of the four united 
colonies or towns w hich constituted what was then known 
as Providence Plantations. In 1677 he was again elected 
assistant btit declined to serve. Iving Phillip's War oc- 
curred in 1675-6. In the memorable "Pierce's Fight" 
near Pawtucket, a band of 800 Indians amlnished and all 
but annihilated the force of about fifty white men and 
thirty friendly Indians. But three men escaped. The 
next morning, a band of wild savages uiarched on Provi- 
dence and ):)(irned it leaxing but three houses. Roger 
Williams by this time an old man, alone and unarmed, 
save with his staff, went out to meet the band of approach- 
ing Indians. His efforts to stay their course were unavail- 
ing but such was the love and veneration entertained for 
him by the savages that he was allov/ed to return im- 
molested. 

Roger Williams death probably occurred in April, 1683. 
His life is his best momunent. He shared freely with 
his fellow settlers the gifts of land made to him personally 
by the Indians. He served the colony faithfully through- 
out his life, with difficulty securing repayment of his 
expenses, leaving his family for years while in this service. 

If those who judge from his polemical writings that he 
was simply a ^'io]ent and incoriigible disputant, who had 
the luck to maintain one new and good idea, would read 
his lettei's, not one here and there, but the series consecu- 
tively, so as to realize their cumulative effect, they would 
gradually become aware that they were making the ac- 
quaintance of a large and affectionate, philanthropical, 
public-spirited, and many sided nature. 

His Irindness toward the Indians, the ser\-ices he rendered 
them and the services he rendered his enemies, who had 
exiled him, and driven him into the wilderness, mark the 

45 



essential nobleness of his character. We can look 
back to the career of this man among his felIo\v-men with 
imalloyed delight, for he was upright and honest and his 
dealings with the native irihabitsnts ^\ere generons and 
fair; and so Providence not only stood for liberty of con- 
science but it stood for justice. 

SCENERY IN THE VICINITY OF 
PROVIDENCE. 

It has often been said that no similar area in the United 
States is as diversified as is Rhode Island in landscape and 
contour, in foliage, in flora and fauna, and in geological 
formation. From these things it has come to pass that 
no State in the Union possesses so great a diversity of 
opportunities for siunmer pastimes and recreation, and 
since Rhode Island is so very densely populated and is 
surrounded by rich and populous states, it is not to be 
wondered at that thousands are tempted to make their 
summer homes amid her charms. 

There is a splendid assortment of the beautiful things 
of nature; l)road glistening beaches, and wild, wooded hills, 
rocky cliff's overhanging the ocean, hundreds of miles of 
bay shores, winding, rushing ri\'ers and dense tangled 
forests where the advent of man is as yet scarcely known. 

There are many lakes and there are barren sand dunes; 
there are exquisite and fashionable siuiimer places that vie 
with any in the world and there are secluded camps where 
nature is untroubled in her luxuriance. 

SCHOOLS AND COLLEGES. 

Pro\-idence is justly proud of its fine school system. 
There are 106 public day schools, 14 evening sch(jols and 26 
kindergartens, be?:ides many excellent parochial and 
pri\ate schools. ^Maintenance of public schools more than 
$1,000,000 "i^early. I'he per cent of illiterate persons 
aniong those of native white parentage is \-ery small, 
being less than one. Among the principal educational 
institutions are the following: 

ACADEMY OF THE SACRED HE.VRT, Elmhurst, 
occupies fine estate on Fruit Hill. (Centredale car ^-ia 
Smith Street.) 

BROWX UNIVERSITY, fronting on Prospect Street, 
between Waterman and George, was chartered in 1764 
under the name of R. I. College and was located at W arren, 
R. I. In 1770, the college was n'oved to ProA'idence and 
in 1804 was renamed Brown University in honor of 
Nicholas Brown, a trustee whose gifts amounted to 
$160,000, a very large sum for that time. The University 
now has about 1000 stud^'nts and ranks among the fore- 
most institutions of learning in the country. Grouped 
about the elm shaded campus on the crest of College Hill 
ai-e 28 liuildings connected with the University. Some 
of the qu.^int brick dormitories are over 100 years old, 
while the fine gymnasium and sfience laboratories were 
built but recently. University Hall built 1770 was used 
for six years during the Revolution as barrack and 
hospital for the combined American and French troops. 
(See Tablets.) The buildings connected with Brown 
TTniversity are as follows : 

Front campus from north to south- Hope College, 
(dormitory) built 1822; Manning Hall, an enlarged copy 
of the Temple of Diana Propylea in Eleusis, (art museum 
and lecture room) built 1834; University Hall (dormitory) 
built 1770; Slater Hall (dormitory) 1879; Rhode Island 
Hall, (biological laboratory and natural history museum), 
1840. 

46 



Middle campus from north to south : IBrown ITnion, (fof 
social life of the college), built 1903; Rogers Hall, (chemical 
laboratory and machine shops); Sayles Memorial Hall, 
(Uni\-erbity chapel, portrait collection, lecture hall, great 
organ, seminary rooms and libraries) ; Wilson Ilall, 
(physical laboratory); John Carter I^rown Library, 
(Americana.) 




FRONT CAMPUS, BROWN UNIVERSITY 

Back campus, formerly the athletic field: I,yman 
Ciymnasium and Colgate Hoyt Swimming Pool on the 
north; Maxcy Hall, (dormitory, herl>arium, botanical 
lalioi'atory and seminary rooms) ; Engineering Building 
aiul Caswell Hall, (dormitory) on the south. Corner 
Waternian and Prospects Streets is the Brown University 
Library; at the corner of College and Prospect are the 
.Administration building and I'efectory, the lattei' soon 
to be replaced by the splendid new library to the memory 
of John Hay. The President's House is on Hope Street, 
corner of Manning. Corner Thayer and Manning are 
Briinonia Hall, (dormitory\ and a fraternity building. 
Several other fraternities ha\'e Iniildings on nearby streets. 

The- Women's College in Brown Uni\ersity has three 
buildings, Pembroke Hall for recitations, Meeting Street, 
Slater Memorial HoiiuStead, Benefit Street, used as a 
home for the students, and the Sayles Gynmasium on 
Cushing Street. 

The r)bservatory, Doyle .Avenue, was given to the 
university by Hon. Herbert \\ . Ladd. An iron fence 
with bi'ick and stone posts has been built around the front 
and middle campus, each section having l>een contributed 
by or in memory of some class. The \^an ^^'ickle Gate on 
Prospect Street, as well as the .Administration Building 
opposite, were the bequest of Augustus Van Wickle. 
Of the four remaining gates, one is a memorial to John 
Nicholas Brown, and the other three were contributed 
by classes. The Cari'ie Tower, front campus, was erected 
190^ by Paul Bajnotti, Turin, Italy, in memory of his 
wife Carrie Mathilde, daughter of Nicholas Brown. 
Andrews Field, Brown's athletic ground, is on Camp 
street, one mile and a half from the university. Connected 
with P»ro\\n l!'ni\'ersity are several famous libraries and 
museums. (See Libraries and Museums.) Of the presi- 
dents of Brown, two of the most distinguished and 
best belo\'ed were Francis Wayland and E. Benjamin 
Andrews. Among the graduates of Brown are 
Horace Mann, "Sunset Cox," President Angell of Univer- 
!?ity of IMichigan, Richard Olney, John Hay, Benjamin 
Ida Wheeler, President of University of California. George 

47 



Washington received the degree of L. I^. D. in 1790 before 
he was elected president. Rev. M'm. Herl^ert Perry 
Faunce is now president of Brown. 




UKOW.N IM(1N, I'.ltoW.N IMVERSITY 



HIGH SCHOOLS of ProA-idence are the Classical, 
southeast corner Pond and Summer Streets; English, 
on Pond Street between Summer and Spring Streets; 
Technical on Pond Street northeast corner of Summer 
Street; Hope Street English and Classical, on Hope Street 
near ()lney. 

NORMAL SCHOOL, see R. I. State Normal School. 

MORRIS HEIGHl^S SCHOOL for boys occupies a 
beautiful site several acres in extent; once a piivate 
estate. Fine views of the surrounding country can be 
had from the upper windows. 

MOSES BRO^\'N SCHOOL, entrances Lloyd Avenue, 
Hope and Olney streets. "Friends School." Originally 
opened in Portsmouth, Rhode Island. Re-opened in 
Providence in 1819. The school has always been under 
the charge of the yearly meeting of Friends. Twenty-fi\'e 
acres of lawns and trees in the best residential section of 
Providence. From the cupola the view extends north- 
ward to the hills of Massachusetts and southward over 
many tuiles of Narragansett Bay. Beades the main 
school buildings, there is a fine gymnasium recently erect- 
ed, Alunuiae Hall, and the arti.stic studio of the Three 
Oaks designed by Heins and I.aFarge. The school has a 
large collection of works of art and a valuable library 
founded 1784. 

RHODE ISLAND COLLEGE OF PHARMACY, 112 
Angell Street. Established 1902. 

R. I. INSTITUTE FOR THE DEAF, (see Philan- 
thropy and Charity). 

RHODE ISLAND SCHOOL OF DESIGN. There 
are few institutions in the country which can compare 
■with the Rhode Island School of Design either as a museum 
or as a school of applied art. It is a splendid example 
for other cities or states as to what may be accompHshed 
in the way of beauty in utility and it is a standing tribute 
to the sound sense and rare judgment of those who have 
been responsible for its present prosperity. Its gradual 
and healthy development during the thirty years of its 
existence, is due to the sound principles upon which it is 

48 



founded and to its position in connection witli the artistic 
iind industrial dexelopment of the State. 

Its purposes are: First, the inr^truction of artisans in 
drawing, painting, modeling and designing, that they 
may successfidly apply the principles of art to the re- 
quirements of trade and manufactures. Second, the 
systematic training of students in the practice of art, that 
they may understand its principles, give instruction to 
others or bcconic artists. Third, the general advancement 
of art education by the exhibition of works of art and 
art studies and by lectures on art. 

It has been the recipient of many ffifts, both in money 
and buildings which have helped to make it the splendid 
institution it now is. There are three buildings de\'oted 
to the work of its School and Museum. The main 
building, located on^^'aterman Street, contains in addition 
to the Museum, the offices for administration and rooms 
for the Departments of Drawing and Painting, Decorative 




SAYLES HALL AND WILSON HALL, BROWN ITNIVERSITY 



Design, Architecture, and Jewelry Design. Memorial 
Hall Building contains rooms for the Department of 
Mechanical Design and Textile Design. It also has a 
large hall capable of seating 800 people. Memorial Hall 
presented to the School in 1904 by Mrs. Gustav Radeke, 
was formerly the Centr.al Congregational Church, a work 
of the brilliant young architect Tefft. The Colonial 
building on Benefit Street contains besides the Pendleton 
collection, rooms for the modeling department. 

The- State of Rhode Island and the City of Providence 
both make annual appropriations to be used in scholar- 
ships in the various classes of the school. There are also 
scholarships offered by the Providence Art Club, the 
Trustees, friends of the school, the Alumnae and the Art 
Students I^eague of New York. The eight departments 
of the school are the Departments of Freehand Drawing 
and Painting, Decorative Design, Modeling and Sculpture, 
Architecture, Mechanical F)esign, Textile Design, Jewelry 
Design and the Children's Department. In the classes for 
painting a!id modeling there is much work done that is far 
above the ordinary. 

The School opens its workrooms and studios during 
June, July and August to a niost successf\il Summer 
School, which offers a wide range of courses, with the 
opportunity of outdoor sketching for the study of land- 
scape, plant life and the draped figure in the open air. But 
it is for the general utility of its cour.ses that the School 

49 



of Design is most noted, for in almost no other institutio" 
of a similar eharacter ean the practical results of such 
courses be applied. 

Providence is one of the greatest industrial centres 
in the world, and its products are those of .skilli-d lalior and 
art. The City stands first in the pi-oduction ot silverware, 
jewelry and fine woolen fabrics, and second in several 
other industries, fiiie machines and machine tools being 
among them. The Gorham Sih'er Works, the .\merican 
Screw Factory, the Brown & Sharpe Machine shops, and 
the Nicholson File Company's plant are the greatest of 
their kind in the world. As a consequence of these 
conditions, thei'e is an imniediate and natural output of 




CAiiKiE TowiiK, lutuwN iM\i:i;.sriv 

rrmch of the work doiie in the school and competition by 
the students is keen and healthy. .Moti\es and designs, 
especially those for metal work and fabrics find a ready 
market in this city, while others, such as designs for wall 
paper, rugs or carpets go to other Eastern manufacturing 
cities by way of Providence. Many designs done in the 
school are noted for the excellence of their avt ; some of the 
niptal work, particularly designs for artistic jewelry, rank 
with any that art' produced in any part of the world with 
the exception of the work of a few great designers in 

50 



Franco. The same may l)e saitl for the desigii? for silver- 
smiths. Much of the best tableware, beautiful punch 
bowls and cups to bo used for prizes have their begin- 
nings in the lihode Island School of Design. Examples 
of the most effecti\-e wall papers to be found in the 
studios of New York and Boston are designed here and 
the same may lie s;tid of the moquet carpets and rugs. 
In the more conunonplace goods, such as cotton fabrics, 
textiles, both of wool and silk, manufactvu-ed in Provi- 
dence, all are notable for the superiority of their designs 
over those of other schools. All the various departments 
of the school are ecjuipped witli tlie most up-to-date 
appliances each !)eing couiplote ahuost to the minutest 
detail. 

There arc many artists, sculptors and illustrators now 
doing strong in(Ii\idual work who have received their 
instruction at the school, but of e\'en more importance 
are the positions of responsibility closely connected with 
the management of the principal industries of the State 
which are filled liy those who ha\'o learned to make original 
desigris of special excellence. To mention only one 
instance, in the Brown it Sharpe Mfg. Company, students 
from the mechanical department of the school fill the 
following positions: 1 superintendent, 3 designers, 3 fore- 
men controlling 408 men; 2 inspectors; 6 draughtsmen 
3 gang bosses; 160 machinists, (see Museun'S). 

RI-Ii )DE ISLAND Sl'ATE NORMAL SCHOOL, Gaspee 
Street, dedicated 1898, perhaps the .finest building for its 
])urpose in the country. It is of Renaissance architecture 
and with its beautiful gardens and approaches makes a 
most attracti\e spot in the centre of the city. Cost 
$500,000. 

STORES. 

LARGE DEPARTMEN r S'iORES. Largest are Cal- 
lender, McAuslan A Troup Co. (Boston Store), West- 
minster, Union and Eddy Streets. Shepard Co., Westmin- 
ster, LTnion and Washington. O'Gorman Co., West- 
minster, Eddy and Weybosset. Outlet Co., Weybosset 
Eddy and Pine. 

OTHER STORES. B. H. Gladding Co., corner West- 
minster and INIathewson, oldest dry goods store in America. 
Tildon-Thurber Co., corner Westminster and Mathewson, 
fine art goods. Hall it Lyons Co., Journal Building, corner 
Westminster and Eddy Streets, largest Drug Store in 
America. An unusual number of specialty stores of much 
interest. 

SUMMER RESORTS. 

NEWPORT, distance 28 miles, is reached by numerous 
steamers in summer, by several electric and steam trains 
and by Bristol Ferry — about If hours. 

BLOCK ISLAND, 55 miles, several ocean going steam- 
ers make daily excursions, an all day trip. 

NARRAGANSETT PIER, 32 miles via Sea View trolley 
in 2^ hours, also by steam trains on week days. 

WATCH HILL, SEACONNET, JAMESTOWN, 
SAUNDERSTOWN, and many other pleasant bayside and 
seashore places are easily reached by train, trolley or 
steamer. 

THEATRES. 

Providence Opera House, Dorrance Street, standard 
attractions. Keiths Theatre, Westminster Street, con- 
tinuous vaudeville fall and winter. Stock Company in 
summer. Imperial Theatre, Cathedral Square, burlesque 
in winter, Stock Company in Summer. Empire Theatre, 
Westminster corner Burrill, popular price drama; West- 
minster Theatre, Burlesque; Park Theatre, Scenic Theatre 
and others, vaudeville, moving pictures, etc. ; Auditorium, 
corner South Main and Power, Amateur dramatic 
performances. 

51 



INDEX 

Art in Provideiu'e 7 

Automobiles (See Ititi-'xhiction to I'roxi'leiiee') 3 

Baggage (See Tntroductioii to Proxideiiee) 3 

Board of Trade 8 

Buildings 8 

Carriages (See Tntroduction to T'rovid'-nco) 3 

Cemeteries 1] 

Churches 11 

Civic Centie 13 

Climate 13 

Clubs 14 

Colleges (See Schools) 46 

Colonial Architetture 15 

Conunerce 17 

Financial On back of Map 

Fountains (See Memorials) 28 

Gates (See Memorials^ 28 

Historic Places 17 

History 20 

Hospitals 22 

Hotels (See Introduction to Providence) . . 3 

Introduction to Pro\idence (front of book) 3-6 

Librari>>s 23 

Mamifactuies 27 

Memorials, Statuary, etc 28 

MusfHuiis 31 

Mu.->ic 35 

Parks, ^([uares. Playgrounds 36 

Philunthropy and Charity 38 

Popular Resorts 42 

Restaurants (See Introduction to Pro\ide!ice) 3 

Roger \\iUiams (See also History) 43 

Scenery 46 

Schools and Colleges 46 

Sfjuarcs (See Parks) 36 

Steamers (See Introduction to Providence) 6 

Stores 51 

Summer Resorts and Shore Places 51 

Tablets (See Memorials) 30 

Theatres 51 

Trains (See Introduction to Providence). . 6 

Trolley Cars (See Introduction to Providence) 6 



52 




WEUESLEY 



j THE 
toPPOBTUMTIES 

' OF 



PR0A2PENCE 

A BIRDS -EYE VIEW^OFTHE 
"METROPOLITAN DISTRICT OF PROVI- 
DENCE DLANTAriONS"AND THE PLACES 
WITHIN CONVENIENT VISITING DISTANCE 



' RHODE ISLAND IS THF MOST DENSELY 
I POPULATED STATE IN THE UNION . 
MASSACHUSE TTS RANKS NE/T. 

NEARLY 375.000 PEOPLE MAY REACH EXCHANGE 
PLACE FOR FIVE CENTS. MORE THAN 650,000 
FOR NOT EXCEE DING TWEN TY-FIVE CENTS. 

THERE ARE 2.000,000 PEOPLE NEAR PROVI- 
[DENCE south o f BOSTON A ND WORCESTER . 

,WITHINTHE80 MILE CIRCLE DRAWN AROUND 
PROVIDENCE ARE MORE PEOPLE THAN IN ANY 
SIMILAR AREA IN THE WESTERN HEMISPHERE, SAVE 
THOSE AROUND NEW YORK AND PHILADELPHIA. 

-STEAMER LINES 



4g?T0N 



NAHANT MARBLEHeAD 




ABINGTON 
HITMAN 



BRIOCCWATER^ 
i-^^AVNHAM 



TROLLEY LINES- 
STEAM RAILROAD LINES- 



PATCHA\J^< VOLUNTOWtT; 

PONO \^ 



BEACH POND 




GLOUCESTER 



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PLYMOUTH 



CARVER 




^jlj^TREMONT 



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WOOORIVER-ONC, 



ONNET PT. 



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COPYRIGHT 1907. 



Providence is the Natural Shopping Center of the District shown upon this map. 



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